Production of metal fullerene surface layer from various media in the process of steel carbonization

Abstract

ExtEndEd AbstrAct:Studies devoted to production of metal fullerene layer in steels when introducing carbon from organic and inorganic media were performed. Barium carbonate was used as an inorganic medium and petroleum pitch was used as an organic medium. In order to generate the required amount of fullerenes in the process of steel samples carbonization, optimal temperature mode was found. The higher temperature, absorption and cohesive effects become less important and polymeric carbon structures destruction processes become more important. On the bottom the temperature is limited by petroleum pitch softening temperature and its transition to low-viscous state in order to enhance molecular mobility and improve the possibility of their diffusion to metal surface. Identification of fullerenes in the surface modified layer was carried out following the methods of IR-Fourier spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. It was found out that nanocarbon structures, formed during carbonization in barium carbonate and petroleum pitch mediums, possess different morphology. In the process of metal carbonization from carbonates medium, the main role in fullerenes synthesis is belonged to catalytic effect of surface with generation of endohedral derivatives in the surface layer; but in the process of carbonization from pitch medium fullerenes are formed during crystallization of the latter and crystallization centers are of fullerene type. Based on theoretical data and data 136 http://nanobuild.ru info@nanobuild.ru 2018 • Vol. 10 • no. 2 / 2018 • Том 10 • № 2 IN RELATED SECTORS MAchinE-rEAdAblE inforMAtion on cc-licEnsEs (htMl-codE) in MEtAdAtA of thE pApEr 2. Kuzeev I.R., Popova S.V., Fazlyakhmetov R.F. Wear resistance of steel 20 after thermochemical treatment in fluid petroleum pitch. Journal of Friction and Wear. 2011. Vol. 32. № 3. p. 186-191.of spectral and chromatographic analysis, optimal conditions of metal fullerene layer formation in barium carbonate and petroleum pitch mediums were determined. Low cohesion of layer, modified in barium carbonate medium, with metal basis was discovered. That was caused by limited carbon diffusion in the volume of α-Fe. According to the detected mechanism of fullerenes formation on steel surface in gaseous medium, fullerenes are formed on catalytic centers -ferrum atoms, forming thin metal fullerene layer with low defectiveness. Complex studies of carbon diffusion to steel from organic and inorganic media showed that difference between the mechanisms of metal fullerene layer formation makes it possible to develop efficient algorithms of surface modification technology.

Study of the Possibility of Estimating the Size of the Fractional-Dimensional Surface Layer by Electromagnetic Methods

“…It is know from the work [1] that the supposed fractional-dimensional layer has a property of moving under the body surface condition change. Using this property it was suggested to control the changes of two parameters for detection of the FDL movements: output voltage of the electric signal and the intensity of the magnetic field.…”

“…But for that to happen it is necessary to find this layer, learn how to measure its size and learn how to interact correctly with it. It is supposed [1] that this transition layer is of the subsurface nature and has a fractional dimension D varying from two to three (thus the name "fractionaldimensional") combining in itself both properties of the volume part of the object with topological dimension d = 3 and the surface (d = 2). The present article is dedicated to confirmation of the above stated hypothesis and to the preliminary assessment of the transition fractional-dimensional layer (FDL) with the help of the electromagnetic methods.…”