Production of granulomas in Mycoplasma bovis infection associated with meningitis-meningoencephalitis, endocarditis, and pneumonia in cattle

Abstract

Mycoplasma bovis, the most important primary pathogen in the family Mycoplasmataceae, causes pneumonia, arthritis, otitis media, and mastitis in cattle. Histopathologic pulmonary changes associated with M. bovis infection have been characterized as suppurative-to-caseonecrotic bronchopneumonia; infection in other organs has been reported in only a few studies that examined caseonecrotic endocarditis and suppurative meningitis. Granulomatous lesions associated with M. bovis infection have been reported only rarely. We studied the granulomatous inflammation associated with M. bovis infection in several organs of 21 Japanese Black cattle. M. bovis was detected by isolation and loop-mediated isothermal amplification methods; other bacteria were detected using culture on 5% blood sheep agar and a MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper. Tissues were examined by histopathology and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using anti– M. bovis, anti-Iba1, anti-iNOS, and anti-CD204 antibodies. All 21 cases, which included 2 cases of meningitis-meningoencephalitis, 8 cases of endocarditis, and 11 cases of bronchopneumonia, had caseonecrotic granulomatous inflammation associated with M. bovis infection. The IHC for macrophages revealed a predominance of iNOS-labeled (M1) macrophages in the inner layer of the caseonecrotic granulomas associated with meningitis-meningoencephalitis, endocarditis, and bronchopneumonia in Japanese Black cattle naturally infected with M. bovis.

The Identification of a Novel Nucleomodulin MbovP467 of Mycoplasmopsis bovis and Its Potential Contribution in Pathogenesis

“…Our qPCR results are in agreement with the transcriptomic data, revealing that MbovP467 enhances the expression of inflammatory cytokines, contributing to the inflammation observed during M. bovis infection. Consistent inflammatory responses during M. bovis infection have been documented by various researchers [50][51][52][53]. To further elucidate the role of the novel nucleomodulin MbovP467 in M. bovis-induced inflammation, we examined its effect on the TNF-α promoter region.…”

An overview of the detection of bovine respiratory disease complex pathogens using immunohistochemistry: emerging trends and opportunities

“… 83 , 90 In addition, caseonecrotic granulomatous inflammation, meningitis-meningoencephalitis, endocarditis, and bronchopneumonia have been linked to M. bovis antigens. 103 These findings suggest that histopathologic characteristics and IHC could be used for determining the severity of infection and detection of M. bovis , and can provide important diagnostic information for identifying the presence and progression of the infection.…”

Bovine Airway Models: Approaches for Investigating Bovine Respiratory Disease

“…Infections due to M. bovis are one of the leading causes of disease in calves, rather than adult cattle. ,− This bacterium infiltrates the mammary glands and becomes aerosolized in the feeding process, explaining its prevalence in calves. , When the calves become stressed due to crowding, the bacteria spread more easily between them. M. bovis can be found in calves within 1 day to 1 week after crowding. ,, Clinical signs of M. bovis include pneumonia, mastitis, otitis media, and infertility. ,, …”

“…3,87,89 Clinical signs of M. bovis include pneumonia, mastitis, otitis media, and infertility. 88,90,91 3.2. Viruses Implicated in BRD.…”