Production of Fungal Phytases from Agroindustrial Byproducts for Pig Diets

Abstract

The application of phytases for animal feed in developing countries is limited due to the high cost of these enzymes, determined by the importation fees and the expensive substrates used for their production. In this work, we have used agroindustrial byproducts for the production of extracts containing phytases, which were accessed for their stability focusing on the conditions found in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. The fungus Acremonim zeae presented higher phytase production in medium containing cornmeal, while the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus produced 10-fold more phytase when cultivated on rice bran. Process optimization increased the difference in productivity to more than 300 fold. The phytase from A. zeae was thermostable, with higher activity at neutral pH and 50 °C, but was inhibited at pH 2.5 and by various ions. The phytase activity in the K. marxianus extract was stable at a wide range of conditions, which indicates the presence of at least two enzymes. As far as we know, this manuscript describes for the first time the phytase production and the characteristics of the extracts produced by both these microbial species. These enzymes could be produced at low cost and have potential to replace enzymes currently imported for this purpose.

Screening For Yeast Phytase Leads to the Identification of a New Cell-Bound and Secreted Activity in Cyberlindnera jadinii CJ2

“…In S. cerevisiae modulation of media components, like addition of magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, and ferrous sulfate, and scaling up in 10 L fermenter could increase phytase activity from 45 to 164 mU/mg d.w. . In K. marxianus, phytase activity could be easily increased adding to fermentation media cheap substrates rich in phytic acid like rice bran (Pires et al, 2019). Similar behavior was observed in W. anomalus, where the presence of cane molasses in media can increase enzymatic activity from 6 up to 176 mU/mg d.w. reducing enzyme production cost from 0.25 to 0.006 £/1,000 U (Vohra and Satyanarayana, 2004).…”

Valorization of Lignocellulosic Wastes to Produce Phytase and Cellulolytic Enzymes from a Thermophilic Fungus, Thermoascus aurantiacus SL16W, under Semi-Solid State Fermentation

“…However, this result did not correlate with the finding of a previous report conducted by Gaind and Singh [ 11 ] which suggested that different varieties of cereal bran (wheat and rice) could be effective substrates for low phytase production of Aspergillus niger ITCC6720. Additionally, Pires et al [ 43 ] reported that the fungus Acremonim zeae exhibited the highest degree of phytase production in a medium containing cornmeal, while the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus produced 10-fold more phytase than A. zeae when cultivated on rice bran. The study conducted by Bujna et al [ 6 ] determined that a thermophilic fungus, Th.…”

Bioprocessing of Agricultural Residues as Substrates and Optimal Conditions for Phytase Production of Chestnut Mushroom, Pholiota adiposa, in Solid State Fermentation

“…Notably, studies on the stability of phytase produced by Aspergillus sp. L117, G. applanatum DRL−56, G. stipitatum DRL−70, S. commune DRL−01, S. commune LPB101, and T. versicolor DRL−18 found them to be stable at 4 • C. The stability of fungal phytase toward different processing conditions, pH values, and temperatures make up the major factors affecting the section and application of fungal phytase [89,90].…”