Production of Flavonoid Compounds and Anti-inflammatory Property of Fermented Licorice Extract with the Basidiomycete Grifola frondosa HB0071

Abstract

Liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin are the major flavonoids present in licorice. These flavonoid compounds were prepared by submerged culture of Grifola frondosa (G. frondosa) HB0071 mycelia producing β-glucosidase in the aqueous extract of licorice. The contents of liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin were increased during the fermentation. This fungus produced a high β-glucosidase (activity of 91.5 mU/mL), thereby achieving high amounts of liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin (568.5 µg/mL and 89.6 µg/mL), respectively at 96 h. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was established for simultaneous determination of liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin in fermented licorice extract (FLEx). The anti-inflammatory activities were investigated by licorice extract (LEx) before and after fermentation with G. frondosa HB0071. The treatment of UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes with FLEx resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the expression level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA. Furthermore, FLEx dose-dependently decreased mRNA of the pro-inflammatory cytokines of IL-1β and IL-6 in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. These results suggest that FLEx may mitigate the effects of skin inflammation by reducing UVB-induced adverse skin reactions.

Sequentially fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine by Pichia kudriavzevii and bifidobacteria for Skin Care Function

“…Currently, the microorganisms commonly used to produce skin care products are mainly yeast and lactic acid bacteria. Yeast such as Pichia, Saccharomycopsis, Kluyveromyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Candida, and other yeast species were used for skin care [9,10] . In addition, the most widely used lactic acid bacteria is Bi dobacterium [11] .…”