Production of C2–C4 diols from renewable bioresources: new metabolic pathways and metabolic engineering strategies

Zhang, Ye; Liu, Dehua; Chen, Zhe

doi:10.1186/s13068-017-0992-9

Cited by 81 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…Ethylene glycol is a highly important commodity chemical. However, there are no known natural pathways to directly synthesize ethylene glycol from carbohydrates [27]. In this study, it was shown that ethylene glycol can be produced by E. cloacae S1 using xylonic acid as the sole carbon source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

Zhang

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

Zhang

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Ethylene glycol is a highly important commodity chemical. However, there are no known natural pathways to directly synthesize ethylene glycol from carbohydrates [29,30]. In this study, it was shown that ethylene glycol can be produced by E. cloacae S1 using xylonic acid as the sole carbon source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

et al. 2020

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Background: Biological routes for ethylene glycol production have been developed in recent years by constructing the synthesis pathways in different microorganisms. However, no microorganisms have been reported yet to produce ethylene glycol naturally.Results: Xylonic acid utilizing microorganisms were screened from natural environments, and an Enterobacter cloacae strain was isolated. The major metabolites of this strain were ethylene glycol and glycolic acid. However, the metabolites were switched to 2,3-butanediol, acetoin or acetic acid when this strain was cultured with other carbon sources. The metabolic pathway of ethylene glycol synthesis from xylonic acid in this bacterium was identified. Xylonic acid was converted to 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-pentonate catalyzed by d-xylonic acid dehydratase. 2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-d-pentonate was converted to form pyruvate and glycolaldehyde, and this reaction was catalyzed by an aldolase. d-Xylonic acid dehydratase and 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-pentonate aldolase were encoded by yjhG and yjhH, respectively. The two genes are part of the same operon and are located adjacent on the chromosome. Besides yjhG and yjhH, this operon contains four other genes. However, individually inactivation of these four genes had no effect on either ethylene glycol or glycolic acid production; both formed from glycolaldehyde. YqhD exhibits ethylene glycol dehydrogenase activity in vitro. However, a low level of ethylene glycol was still synthesized by E. cloacae ΔyqhD. Fermentation parameters for ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production by the E. cloacae strain were optimized, and aerobic cultivation at neutral pH were found to be optimal. In fed batch culture, 34 g/L of ethylene glycol and 13 g/L of glycolic acid were produced in 46 h, with a total conversion ratio of 0.99 mol/mol xylonic acid. Conclusions:A novel route of xylose biorefinery via xylonic acid as an intermediate has been established.

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“…[1][2][3] In recent studies a set of chemical compounds have been identified that can serve as intermediates for bridging biological and chemical processes. [1][2][3] In recent studies a set of chemical compounds have been identified that can serve as intermediates for bridging biological and chemical processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical industry currently undergoes a paradigm change and progress is achieved to replace fossil based resources by renewable ones. [1][2][3] In recent studies a set of chemical compounds have been identified that can serve as intermediates for bridging biological and chemical processes. 4,5 In the list of C4-compounds 1,4-butanediol (BDO) is listed which can serve as chemical synthon besides its direct application as alcohol monomer compound for polyester synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of metabolic sensitivity of 1,4‐butanediol producing Escherichia coli toward substrate and oxygen availability

Pooth

Gaalen

Trenkamp³

et al. 2019

Biotechnology Progress

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Nowadays, chemical production of 1,4-butanediol is supplemented by biotechnological processes using a genetically modified Escherichia coli strain, which is an industrial showcase of successful application of metabolic engineering. However, large scale bioprocess performance can be affected by presence of physical and chemical gradients in bioreactors which are a consequence of imperfect mixing and limited oxygen transfer. Hence, upscaling comes along with local and time dependent fluctuations of cultivation conditions. This study emphasizes on scale-up related effects of microbial 1,4-butanediol production by comprehensive bioprocess characterization in lab scale. Due to metabolic network constraints 1,4-butanediol formation takes place under oxygen limited microaerobic conditions, which can be hardly realized in large scale bioreactor. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which substrate and oxygen availability influence the productivity. It was found, that the substrate specific product yield and the production rate are higher under substrate excess than under substrate limitation. Furthermore, the level of oxygen supply within microaerobic conditions revealed strong effects on product and by-product formation. Under strong oxygen deprivation nearly 30% of the consumed carbon is converted into 1,4-butanediol, whereas an increase in oxygen supply results in 1,4-butanediol reduction of 77%. Strikingly, increasing oxygen availability leads to strong increase of main by-product acetate as well as doubled carbon dioxide formation.The study provides clear evidence that scale-up of microaerobic bioprocesses constitute a substantial challenge. Although oxygen is strictly required for product formation, the data give clear evidence that terms of anaerobic and especially aerobic conditions strongly interfere with 1,4-butanediol production.

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Production of C2–C4 diols from renewable bioresources: new metabolic pathways and metabolic engineering strategies

Cited by 81 publications

References 124 publications

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

Comprehensive analysis of metabolic sensitivity of 1,4‐butanediol producing Escherichia coli toward substrate and oxygen availability

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