Production of Biodiesel from Waste Canola Cooking Oil in Pakistan

Hussain, Zaibunnisa; Nagra, Saeed Ahmad; Jamil, Mehwish

doi:10.7763/ijcea.2015.v6.525

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In few restaurants, the vegetable oil, after the primary utilize, is gone through an oil recycler and after that reused for cooking. After the second utilize, the oil is gathered and sent for the soap manufacturing [6], [7]. Large portions of UFO are illegally dumped into rivers and wastelands, causing environmental pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Jordan Zeolite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Synthesize the Used Frying Oil into Biodiesel

Hani¹,

Alrabadi²

2018

IJCEA

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In this research, biodiesel was prepared from used frying oil (UFO) by transesterification reaction in the presence of impregnation of Jordan zeolite (JOZ) with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The transesterification process is optimized by modify the JOZ catalyst concentration and the conversion of UFO to biodiesel exceeds 95% when using 1:6 molar ratio of oil to methanol at 600C, time of reaction 3hr and 5.5% solid catalyst.. The biodiesel is analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and the result are confirm by FTIR spectral, which evidence the being of linoleic acid as the main constituent. The physical and chemical characteristic of biodiesel were analyzed to guarantee that the product meets the standards of fuel characteristic. The standard utilized was ASTM D 6751 and was used to measure the whole specific properties of biofeul. The properties of biodiesel obtained were within the range of specified limitations. The research appear that biodiesel daraived from UFO was of good quality and could be used as a diesel fuel which count as renewable energy and environmental recycling process from west oil after frying.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Jordan Zeolite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Synthesize the Used Frying Oil into Biodiesel

Hani¹,

Alrabadi²

2018

IJCEA

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“…Biodiesel can be defined as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) derived from the transesterification of triglycerides (vegetable oils or animal fats) with alcohol and suitable catalyst [6,8,9,10]. Biodiesel is used as mix constituent of petroleum diesel in proportions for running a diesel engine, since using neat biodiesel has some engine issues [7,11]. The crops identified for biodiesel are corn, sunflower, palm, olive, canola, soybean, rape and peanut soils, and animalbased lipid [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesterification and Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil: Effect of Operation Variables on Fuel Properties

Banihani¹

2016

AJCHE

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Biodiesel is proved to be the best replacement for diesel because of its unique properties like low toxicity, no sulfur emissions, no particulate matter pollutants, significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and biodegradability. Several processes for biodiesel fuel production have been developed, among which transesterification using alkali catalysis gives high levels of conversion of triglycerides to their corresponding methyl esters in short reaction times. It is prepared from waste vegetable oils and animal fats by trans-esterification process. It is alkali catalyzed reaction which involves waste cooking oil, methanol, and potassium hydroxide. The study focus on the physical and chemical properties of waste cooking oil (WCO), transesterification and production of biodiesel from WCO. The operation variables used were methanol/oil molar ratio (5:1-9:1), catalyst concentration (0.5-2.0 wt%), temperature (30-70°C). The evolution of the process was followed by gas chromatography, determining the concentration of the methyl esters at different reaction times. The biodiesel was characterized by its density, viscosity, high heating value, cetane index, cloud and pour points, characteristics of distillation, flash and combustion points, saponification value, and iodine value according to ISO norms. The biodiesel with the best properties was obtained using a methanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1, potassium hydroxide as catalyst (1%), and 60°C temperature. This biodiesel had properties very similar to those of no. 2 diesel.

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Perspectives on Bioenergy Feedstock Development in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities

et al. 2021

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Pakistan faces challenges in both food and energy security. Indeed, extensive literature suggests that food and energy security are interdependent. While acknowledging that food security is still a primary concern for Pakistan, energy security is also a major issue. It is crucial to develop sustainable energy sources for energy production. Among sustainable sources, biomass is a promising source that can be effectively used for environmentally friendly energy production. This article addresses the energy issues and potential solutions using crop residues, non-edible energy crops, and animal and municipal solid wastes in Pakistan. The current research challenges, relevant industries, opportunities, and the future share of energy production derived from renewable and sustainable sources are emphasized with a focus on the potential of biomass energy. This article shows that Pakistan has considerable potential to develop bioenergy crops on marginal lands without compromising food security, with considerable greenhouse gas (GHG) benefits. Pakistan has vast biomass resources, including crop residues, animal waste, municipal solid waste, and forest residues, which collectively produce 230 billion tons of biomass annually. There are about 72 million bovines (cows and buffaloes), 81 million tons per year of crop biomass, and about 785 million birds in poultry farms across the country. Land that is currently non-productive could be used for energy crops, and this has the potential to produce 2500–3000 MW of energy. The utilization of waste cooking oil and fats is the most economically feasible option for obtaining biodiesel due to its easy and almost free availability in Pakistan. Systematic management is needed to collect this huge quantity of waste cooking oil and efficiently convert it to biodiesel. Similarly, molasses may be a promising source for bioethanol production. Furthermore, this study suggests that Pakistan’s energy policies need to be amended to ensure that the energy supply meets the demand. In the future, massive energy projects on biomass-based bioenergy need to be implemented in Pakistan. To achieve its bioenergy potential, Pakistan needs to develop incentive-based bioenergy technologies. Moreover, this objective can only be achieved in the country by initiating R&D projects to promote advanced biomass conversion technologies, such as biogas plants and combustion systems.

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Production of Biodiesel from Waste Canola Cooking Oil in Pakistan

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Using Jordan Zeolite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Synthesize the Used Frying Oil into Biodiesel

Using Jordan Zeolite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Synthesize the Used Frying Oil into Biodiesel

Transesterification and Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil: Effect of Operation Variables on Fuel Properties

Perspectives on Bioenergy Feedstock Development in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities

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