Production of anomalously shaped carboxylated polymer particles by seeded emulsion polymerization

Abstract

Anomalous polymer particles with a partial protuberance like "octopus ocellams" were produced under alkaline conditions by seeded emulsion copolymerization for styrene and butyl acrylate, with styrene-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid terpolymer emulsion as seed. The mechanism of production of the polymer particles was studied. By transmission electron microscopic observation of the particles at each conversion, it was observed that the anomalous polymer particles were produced by partial growth of each of the individual seed particles throughout polymerization. Ionization of the carboxyl groups and low viscosity in the growing particles during the process of polymerization were important factors for partial growth.

Morphology of poly(isoprene-co-styrene-co-methacrylic acid) latex prepared by two-stage seeded emulsion polymerization

“…6 choosing monomers of different hydrophilicity. 6,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] SDS 2. 4 The polarity of the latex particle surface can also Potassium persulfate 0.…”

Controlled/living heterogeneous radical polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide

“…[117][118][119][120][121][122] The particle morphology is either thermodynamically [123][124][125][126][127] or kinetically [128][129][130][131] controlled-thermodynamic factors favor the morphology with the lowest free energy (as determined by the interfacial tensions between the polymer/polymer phases and the continuous medium/polymers), whereas the kinetically controlled morphology is obtained when kinetic factors prevent the equilibrium morphology from forming. Morphological aspects of CLRP in dispersed systems have recently been reviewed.…”

Raspberry-like particles via the heterocoagulated reaction between reactive epoxy and amino groups

“…Different methods for constructing raspberry-like particles have been reported in the literature, including physical adsorption [4,11,12,16] and chemical couplings such as seeded emulsion polymerization [17], surface modification polymerization [18], http surfactant-free emulsion polymerization [19], mini-emulsion polymerization [20] and the heterocoagulation of large and small particles [21] etc. For an example, Ming et al [3] presented a preparation of the raspberry-like particles made of silica particles with two different sizes of 700 and 70 nm.…”