Production of a Bioemulsifier with Potential Application in the Food Industry

Abstract

Biosurfactants are of considerable interest due to their biodegradability, low degree of toxicity, and diverse applications. However, the high production costs involved in the acquisition of biosurfactants underscore the need for optimization of the production process to enable viable application on an industrial scale. The aims of the present study were to select a species of Candida that produces a biosurfactant with the greatest emulsifying potential and to investigate the influence of components of the production medium and cultivation conditions. Candida utilis achieved the lowest surface tension (35.53 mN/m), best emulsification index (73%), and highest yield (12.52 g/l) in a medium containing waste canola frying oil as the carbon source and ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source. The best combination of medium components and cultivation conditions was 6% (w/v) glucose, 6% (w/v) waste canola frying oil, 0.2% (w/v) ammonium nitrate, 0.3% (w/v) yeast extract, 150 rpm, 1% inoculum (w/v), and 88 h of fermentation. The greatest biosurfactant production and the lowest surface tension were achieved in the first 24 h of production, and the maximum biomass production was recorded at 72 h. The biosurfactant produced from C. utilis under the conditions investigated in the present study has a potential to be a bioemulsifier for application in the food industry.

Response Surface Methodology for Optimizing the Production of Biosurfactant by Candida tropicalis on Industrial Waste Substrates

“…On the other hand, the use of corn steep liquor as the nitrogen source for biosurfactant produced by microorganisms has been widely studied (Luna et al, 2013; Silva et al, 2013, 2014a; Campos et al, 2014; Santos et al, 2014). In a study by Luna et al (2013), the utilization of corn steep liquor as low cost constituent to C. sphaerica growth resulted in reducing the surface tension of cell-free broth to 25 mNm −1 and biosurfactant yield was 9 gL −1 .…”

Evaluation of Emulsification Index in Marine Bacteria Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp.

“…Many microorganisms such as yeasts, bacteria and filamentous fungi can produce biosurfactant [5]. These producers with the diffusion of surfactant increase the interaction of the contaminant and microorganism and also the bioavailability, which can improve the bioremediation of soil and water polluted with hydrocarbons [6,7].…”

Partial Purification and Chemical Characterization of a Bioemulsifier and Its Application in MEOR

“…The ability to form stabilized o/w or w/o emulsion and keep the condition was the typical feature of these substances, which ensured its potential application in microbial-enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) [2,3]. Plentiful studies about bioemulsifiers nowadays were done which mainly focused on isolation, screening of active strains, and the characteristics of their products [4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…Although extensive researches have been conducted on variety of aspects of different bioemulsifiers including production, emulsification activity and cell surface hydrophobic activities, however, few analysis of the field application of bioemulsifiers based on the emulsification activity and production were carried out further. The most likely application of bioemulsifier was in MEOR [2,3], which of low requirements toward the emulsifier concentration and purity. Bioemulsifiers played a significant role in extracting the remaining oil from oil reservoirs, which was cost-effective, environmental-friendly, and efficient particularly in the exploitation of oil remained trapped in capillary pores of the formation rock or in areas not swept by the classical or modernenhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods [3].…”

“…The most likely application of bioemulsifier was in MEOR [2,3], which of low requirements toward the emulsifier concentration and purity. Bioemulsifiers played a significant role in extracting the remaining oil from oil reservoirs, which was cost-effective, environmental-friendly, and efficient particularly in the exploitation of oil remained trapped in capillary pores of the formation rock or in areas not swept by the classical or modernenhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods [3]. Here, the partial purification and chemical characterization of the bioemulsifier produced by XS2 was reported and its application potential was explored in Changqing oil field by single well stimulation trial.…”