Production and postacceleration of intense ion beams in magnetically insulated gaps

Humphries, S.; Freeman, John R.; Greenly, J.B.; Kuswa, G. W.; Mendel, C. W.; Poukey, J. W.; Woodall, D. M.

doi:10.1063/1.327899

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…4 -8,17 However, in difference from these earlier MID systems, where the B-field flux separatrix was formed in free space by two sets of B-field coils, our design tested in Ref. 18 by Humphries et al Such an anode design provides a defined position and better stability of the separatrix and conservation of the B-field flux in the AC gap during the major portion of the pulse ͑supporting the closed EϫB drift of the electrons in the AC gap͒, compared with Refs. The first use of a conductive slotted anode in a magnetically insulated gap was tested in Ref.…”

Section: B Midmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and transport of a low energy intense ion beam

Bystritskiǐ

Garate

Rostoker

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Physics

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The paper describes experiments on the generation and transport of a low energy (70–120 keV), high intensity (10–30 A/cm2) microsecond duration H+ ion beam (IB) in vacuum and plasma. The IB was generated in a magnetically insulated diode (MID) with an applied radial B field and an active hydrogen-puff ion source. The annular IB, with an initial density of ji∼10–20 A/cm2 at the anode surface, was ballistically focused to a current density in the focal plane of 50–80 A/cm2. The postcathode collimation and transport of the converging IB were provided by the combination of a “concave” toroidal magnetic lens followed by a straight transport solenoid section. With optimized MID parameters and magnetic fields in the lens/solenoid system, the overall efficiency of IB transport at the exit of the solenoid 1 m from the anode was ∼ 50% with an IB current density of 20 A/cm2. Two-dimensional computer simulations of post-MID IB transport supported the optimization of system parameters.

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Section: B Midmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and transport of a low energy intense ion beam

Bystritskiǐ

Garate

Rostoker

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Electron distribution modification methods can be divided into those which can be applied in gaps with one-dimensional symmetry and those which rely on gap variations along the electron drift direction. One possible method to be applied in symmetrical gaps is the use of electrons initially distributed across the gap [45,46] instead of using the cathode as the sole electron source. A practical method of realizing this with good magnetic insulation is reported in Ref.…”

Section: Properties Of Magnetically Insulated Extraction Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A practical method of realizing this with good magnetic insulation is reported in Ref. [45]. A plasma prefill is initially distributed in the gap; with the initiation of the voltage pulse, there is a low impedance phase during which plasma ions are cleared.…”

Section: Properties Of Magnetically Insulated Extraction Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrons can be trapped by the magnetic field, leaving behind a distribution with significant negative space charge near the anode. A second one-dimensional enhancement method is the introduction of electrons into the gap by diffusional processes [45][46][47], If there are mild asymmetries along the electron drift direction (over length scales less than the electron orbit scale), the electrons follow a random walk into the gap. In this case, the distributions can vary considerably from the ideal steady-state models.…”

Section: Properties Of Magnetically Insulated Extraction Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intense pulsed ion beams for fusion applications

Humphries

1980

Nucl. Fusion

Self Cite

203

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The subject of this review is the field of intense pulsed ion beam generation and its potential application to fusion research. Considerable progress has been made in the past six years. Power levels of the order of 1000 MW/cm2 have been obtained for pulse-lengths from 10−8 to 10−6 s. Light-ion beams with currents approaching 1 MA and energies exceeding 1 MeV have been produced. The first half of the paper treats the physics and technology of beam generation. Following a unified discussion of the theory of ion injectors, experimental work since 1973 is reviewed. Diagnostic techniques appropriate to high-flux ion beams are summarized. The general problem of high-current ion beam transport in vacuum and through plasmas is also considered. The second part of the paper is devoted to applications to fusion research. Applications in both magnetic confinement and inertial confinement fusion are considered. Intense ion beams have a number of features which make them ideally suited as inertial fusion drivers. Discussions are given of the physics of inertial fusion targets, options for ion beam production, experiments on light-ion beam focusing, and high-current multi-stage accelerators.

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“…The first use of a conductive slotted anode in a magnetically insulated gap was tested in Ref. 18 by Humphries et al Such an anode design provides a defined position and better stability of the separatrix and conservation of the B-field flux in the AC gap during the major portion of the pulse ͑supporting the closed EϫB drift of the electrons in the AC gap͒, compared with Refs. 4 -8, which is beneficial for the control of MID dynamics.…”

Section: B Midmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and transport of a low energy intense ion beam

Bystritskii

Garate

Qerushi

et al.

Digest of Technical Papers. PPC-2003. 14th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37472)

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The paper describes experiments on the generation and transport of a low energy ͑70-120 keV͒, high intensity ͑10-30 A/cm 2 ͒ microsecond duration H ϩ ion beam ͑IB͒ in vacuum and plasma. The IB was generated in a magnetically insulated diode ͑MID͒ with an applied radial B field and an active hydrogen-puff ion source. The annular IB, with an initial density of j i ϳ10-20 A/cm 2 at the anode surface, was ballistically focused to a current density in the focal plane of 50-80 A/cm 2. The postcathode collimation and transport of the converging IB were provided by the combination of a ''concave'' toroidal magnetic lens followed by a straight transport solenoid section. With optimized MID parameters and magnetic fields in the lens/solenoid system, the overall efficiency of IB transport at the exit of the solenoid 1 m from the anode was ϳ 50% with an IB current density of 20 A/cm 2. Two-dimensional computer simulations of post-MID IB transport supported the optimization of system parameters.

show abstract

Production and postacceleration of intense ion beams in magnetically insulated gaps

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Generation and transport of a low energy intense ion beam

Generation and transport of a low energy intense ion beam

Intense pulsed ion beams for fusion applications

Generation and transport of a low energy intense ion beam

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