Production and modification of bioactive biosurfactants

Abstract

The soil bacterium Tsukamurella spec. DSM 44370 produces a mixture of oligosaccharide lipids when cultivated on sunflower oil. In contrast cultivation with calendula oil as carbon source afforded a different product composition with overproduction of 2,3-di-O-acyl-ß-Dglucopyranosyl-(1-2)-ß-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-6)-4,6-di-O-acyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-1)-α-Dglucopyranose (GL 3) that amounted to 60 % of the whole product. GL3 and its parent tetrahexose backbone G 3 were then modified enzymatically with the lipase Novozyme 435 from Candida antarctica by addition of one and two oleic acid molecules to GL3 and four molecules to G 3. The new glycolipids were shown to exhibit interesting surface activities compared to commercially available products, decreasing the surface tension of water to 23 mN/m. In addition these products showed novel biological activities through the inhibition of the activation of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen.

Biosurfactant-Producing Lactobacilli: Screening, Production Profiles, and Effect of Medium Composition

“…These compounds can be synthesized by microorganisms growing on water-immiscible hydrocarbons, as well as on water-soluble compounds such as glucose, sucrose, glycerol, or ethanol, and can be excreted or remain attached to the cell wall [5]. Diversity existing among the biosurfactant-producing microorganisms suggests that their production represents an important survival strategy and appears to have evolved in an independent, yet parallel fashion [6,7]. A number of studies have reported the potential of lactobacilli as biosurfactantproducers [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

“…Comparing with chemical surfactants, these compounds have several advantages such as lower toxicity, higher biodegradability, and effectiveness at extreme temperatures and pH values [2,4,5]. Moreover, biosurfactants can be tailor-made to suit different applications by changing the production conditions, or by modifying the genes involved in their biosynthesis [5,7]. The diversity of biosurfactants makes them an attractive group of compounds for use in a wide variety of industrial and biotechnological applications such as agriculture, food production, chemistry, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Enzymatic production of modified 2‐dodecyl‐sophorosides (biosurfactants) and their characterization

“…Based on studies on the acylation of the microbial oligosaccharide lipid GL3 (from Tsukamurella sp.) using oleic acid, the lipase Novozym 435, the solvent MTBE and a molecular sieve at 55°C 24, all lipase‐catalyzed reactions were initially performed. Later on the solvent and temperature had to be adapted to the solubilization behavior of educts.…”

Structure Elucidation and Characterization of Microbial 2-Tridecyl Sophorosides (Biosurfactants)

“…Comparable results we obtained using diglucosyl gly cerolipids from a marine sponge-associated Bacillus pumilus strain and, additionally, using diand tetrasaccharide lipids produced by the soil bacterium Tsukamurella sp. (Ramm et al, 2004;Langer et al, 2006).…”