Production and evaluation of transgenic sorghum for resistance to stem borer

Visarada, K. B. R. S.; Padmaja, P. G.; Saikishore, N.; Pashupatinath, E.; Royer, Monique; Seetharama, N.; Patil, J. V.

doi:10.1007/s11627-013-9561-5

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The particle inflow gun was deployed in the present investigation for sorghum transformation using the plasmid carrying the CYP79A1 antisense strand under the control of Actin1 promoter (Figure 1). The protocols for producing transgenic sorghum are still being standardized using various methods of DNA transfer (25, 26). Genetic transformation of sorghum using shoot meristem explants was carried in this experiment (27, 28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Down-Regulation of CYP79A1 Gene Through Antisense Approach Reduced the Cyanogenic Glycoside Dhurrin in [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] to Improve Fodder Quality

2019

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A major limitation for the utilization of sorghum forage is the production of the cyanogenic glycoside dhurrin in its leaves and stem that may cause the death of cattle feeding on it at the pre-flowering stage. Therefore, we attempted to develop transgenic sorghum plants with reduced levels of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) by antisense mediated down-regulation of the expression of cytochrome P450 CYP79A1, the key enzyme of the dhurrin biosynthesis pathway. CYP79A1 cDNA was isolated and cloned in antisense orientation, driven by rice Act1 promoter. Shoot meristem explants of sorghum cultivar CSV 15 were transformed by the particle bombardment method and 27 transgenics showing the integration of transgene were developed. The biochemical assay for HCN in the transgenic sorghum plants confirmed significantly reduced HCN levels in transgenic plants and their progenies. The HCN content in the transgenics varied from 5.1 to 149.8 μg/g compared to 192.08 μg/g in the non-transformed control on dry weight basis. Progenies with reduced HCN content were advanced after each generation till T 3 . In T 3 generation, progenies of two promising events were tested which produced highly reduced levels of HCN (mean of 62.9 and 76.2 μg/g, against the control mean of 221.4 μg/g). The reduction in the HCN levels of transgenics confirmed the usefulness of this approach for reducing HCN levels in forage sorghum plants. The study effectively demonstrated that the antisense CYP79A1 gene deployment was effective in producing sorghum plants with lower HCN content which are safer for cattle to feed on.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Down-Regulation of CYP79A1 Gene Through Antisense Approach Reduced the Cyanogenic Glycoside Dhurrin in [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] to Improve Fodder Quality

2019

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“…We will focus here on the two most commonly used methods: particle bombardment and Agrobacteriummediated transformation. Casas et al, (1993) Immature embryos 125 5 (Casas et al, 1997;Emani et al, 2002;Jeoung et al, 2002;Grootboom et al, 2008;Kumar et al, 2011) Casas et al, (1997 Immature inflorescences 43 1 (Sato et al, 2004) Able et al, (2001) Immature embryos 43 0 Tadesse et al, (2003) Immature embryos 49 2 (Grootboom et al, 2008 (Liu et al, 2013(Liu et al, , 2015(Liu et al, , 2019Cardinal et al, 2016;Do et al, 2016;Belide et al, 2017;Lamont et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2017;Schnippenkoetter et al, 2017;Vanhercke et al, 2019;Flinn et al, 2020;) Brandão et al, (2012 Immature inflorescences 3 b 0 Visarada et al, (2014) c Immature embryos and shoot buds 10 1 (Visarada et al, 2016) Belide et al, (2017) Immature embryos 8 1 (Vanhercke et al, 2019) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation Zhao et al, (2000) Immature embryos 125 12 (Gao et al, 2005;Howe et al, 2006;Nguyen et al, 2007;Lu et al, 2009;Silva et al, 2011;Lipkie et al, 2013;Visarada et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2014;Cho et al, 2014;Elkonin et al, 2016;Assem et al, 2017;…”

Section: Current Transformation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…issue with particle bombardment is the variable transformation efficiency among genotypes. For example, the elite parental lines CS3541 and 296B were transformed to increase stem borer resistance, but the highest transformation efficiency obtained was 0.25% (Visarada et al, 2014). Traditionally, the most extensively studied genotypes belong to the grain sorghum category, so reported advances are mostly applicable to that type of sorghum.…”

Section: Particle Bombardmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and challenges in sorghum biotechnology, a multipurpose feedstock for the bioeconomy

Silva

Thomas

Dahlberg

et al. 2021

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is the fifth most important cereal crop globally by harvested area and production. Its drought and heat tolerance allow high yields with minimal input. It is a promising biomass crop for the production of biofuels and bioproducts. In addition, as an annual diploid with a relatively small genome compared to other C4 grasses, and excellent germplasm diversity, sorghum is an excellent research species for other C4 crops such as maize. As a result, an increasing number of researchers are looking to test the transferability of findings from other organisms such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Brachypodium distachyon to sorghum, as well as to engineer new biomass sorghum varieties. Here, we provide an overview of sorghum as a multipurpose feedstock crop which can support the growing bioeconomy, and monocot research model system. We review what makes sorghum such a successful crop and identify some key traits for future improvement. We assess recent progress in sorghum transformation and highlight how transformation limitations still restrict its widespread adoption. Finally, we summarize available sorghum genetic, genomic, and bioinformatics resources. This review is intended for researchers new to sorghum research, as well as those wishing to include non-food and forage applications into their research.

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“…Transgenic approach is a powerful tool to utilize successfully. Now a day, transgenic sorghum lines have been generated for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses such as anthracnose (Ayoo et al, 2011); resistance to stem borer (Visarada et al, 2014); resistance to drought tolerance (Guo et al, 2005); Resistance to saline soil (Maheswari et al, 2010). Utilizing transgenic technology for improving yield and quality of sorghum transgenes are successfully used for disease and insect pest resistance and abiotic stress tolerance.…”

Section: Progress and Prospects Of Anthracnose Resistance Breeding In Sorghummentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Sorghum Production Constraints and Coping Mechanisms: The Case of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum)

Lemu

Ogbonna

Agbo

et al. 2021

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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This paper attempts to review the major sorghum production constraints, the progress and perspective on sorghum anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum) resistance breeding. The importance of anthracnose in sorghum production and breeding for resistance status and progress were also primly discovered. Sorghum is an ancient environment resilient crop and believed to be a future crop due to its important merits like tolerant to stresses, wide adaptability and low input requirement. Insects and disease are major biotic impediments to realizing the yield potential of the crop. Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum sublineolum is the most important disease that severely affecting the crop in all sorghum producing regions of the world. Research results revealed that anthracnose resulted in 30-50% or greater yield losses. Several management strategies such as, cultural, chemical and using resistance varieties have been developed. Employing host-plant resistance is the most economical and environmentally friendly approach which can successfully control the disease. Breeding assisted with molecular markers plays a great role in resistance breeding programme as it makes easy to screen large number of genotypes at once. Recent advancement of molecular breeding and bio-informatics tools are playing a significant role in efficiencies and precisions of resistance breeding. QTLs or genomic area for resistance were identified using traditional molecular markers and recent research results revealed discoveries of specific gene and locus using high throughput markers like SNPs using GWAS approach. The discovery of genes/QTL associated with the resistance trait, using the high through put molecular markers like SNPs, facilitates the easiest way for gene pyramiding from different individual genotypes to a single variety, introgression into adapted elite cultivar through marker assisted and editing genes for elite landraces to develop durable resistance varieties. Transgenic approach is now a day becoming a powerful tool to utilize novel alien genes for crop improvement including anthracnose resistance breeding in sorghum.

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Production and evaluation of transgenic sorghum for resistance to stem borer

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Down-Regulation of CYP79A1 Gene Through Antisense Approach Reduced the Cyanogenic Glycoside Dhurrin in [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] to Improve Fodder Quality

Down-Regulation of CYP79A1 Gene Through Antisense Approach Reduced the Cyanogenic Glycoside Dhurrin in [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] to Improve Fodder Quality

Progress and challenges in sorghum biotechnology, a multipurpose feedstock for the bioeconomy

Major Sorghum Production Constraints and Coping Mechanisms: The Case of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineolum)

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