2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111913
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Production and characterization of lignin containing nanocellulose from luffa through an acidic deep eutectic solvent treatment and systematic fractionation

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Cited by 105 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…As seen in Figure 1a, the residual lignin (roundish particles that are shown by red arrows) has surrounded the nanofibrils and prompted a configuration different than that of fibrils in CNF samples (Figure 1b). Such lignin distribution was also observed in other studies [33,34]. In theory, while high aspect ratio geometries such as fibrillar or rod-like particles are not ideal in forming tortuosity, spherical shapes may be better suited to block the diffusion [35].…”
Section: Morphology Differences Between Cnf and Lcnfsupporting
confidence: 78%
“…As seen in Figure 1a, the residual lignin (roundish particles that are shown by red arrows) has surrounded the nanofibrils and prompted a configuration different than that of fibrils in CNF samples (Figure 1b). Such lignin distribution was also observed in other studies [33,34]. In theory, while high aspect ratio geometries such as fibrillar or rod-like particles are not ideal in forming tortuosity, spherical shapes may be better suited to block the diffusion [35].…”
Section: Morphology Differences Between Cnf and Lcnfsupporting
confidence: 78%
“…On the one hand, the yield of EO decreased with decrease in pretreatment time. The reason for this phenomenon was the formation of esters monoester or cross-linked diester between hydroxyl groups of cellulose with oxalic acid, which can prevent the dissolution and hydrolysis of cellulose 39 after the long pretreatment time. On the other hand, the yield was increased when the pretreatment temperature increased from 70 to 84 .…”
Section: Analysis Of Response Surfacementioning
confidence: 99%
“…After removal of lignin, hemicellulose was removed by soaking of holocellulose (hemicellulose and α-cellulose) into 600 mL of 5% KOH solution for 24 h at room temperature with stirring, then heated at 90 °C /2 h. Obtained cellulose was washed and dried to calculate the percentage of hemicellulose and cellulose. The resulted chemical composition of original Luffa bers was cellulose 60%, hemicelluloses 26.6%, lignin 13.4% (Hong et al 2020).…”
Section: Isolation Of Cellulose From Luffa Bers (Lf)mentioning
confidence: 98%