Production and characterization of intergeneric somatic hybrids through protoplast electrofusion between potato (Solanum tuberosum) and Lycopersicon pennellii

Abstract

Mesophyll protoplasts of Lycopersicon pennelli Corr., a wild relative of tomato, were electrofused with those from a dihaploid potato clone, cv Nicola, with the objectives of transferring saline tolerance from L. penneUii to cultivated potato. 150 calli were selected from the fusion experiments, finally giving 2 hybrid shoots. Their hybrid nature was verified by examining isoenzyme patterns for esterases (EST), peroxidase (PRX), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT). The hybrid plants had an intermediate morphology, and grew vigorously in vitro. When transplanted to soil, they were less vigorous, due to difficulties in rooting, but were still capable of flowering, and forming short stolons and mishaped tubers, probably resulting from the effects of gene dosage due to the novel association of two genomes from a tuberizing (potato) and a non tuberizing species (L. pennellii). The characteristics of such mishaped tubers provided strong evidence of a hybrid nature for the selected plants. The hybrid plants were highly sterile, producing only 3-7% viable pollen. Tests for salt tolerance showed that the growth of the somatic hybrid plants was reduced by 50% as for L. penneUii, whilst potato did not grow at all under saline conditions.

Identification and functional characterization of ten AP2/ERF genes in potato

“…All commercial potato cultivars are considered salt sensitive. Indeed, at 50 mM NaCl, a 50 % reduction of tuber yield was noticed (Sherraf et al 1994). They are also submitted to several phytopathogens such as fungi and viruses that considerably reduce the yield and quality of tubers (Djébali and Belhassen 2010;Li et al 2013).…”

Transfer of PLRV resistance fromSolanum verrucosum Schlechdt to potato (S. tuberosum L.) by protoplast electrofusion

“…We have used RAPD markers for the identification of somatic hybrids. Other authors have applied different techniques for this purpose such as morphological analysis (Austin et al, 1985), isoenzymatic analysis (Serraf et al,, 1994), RFLP markers (Novy & Helgeson, 1994), primers which amplify simple sequence repeats (Stadler et al, 1995;Menke et al, 1996) and PCR with oligonucleotides which amplify specifically the 5S rDNA spacer region . The problems of RAPD markers with respect to reproducibility of results under the specific conditions in different laboratories, or with respect to equal-sized markers which may not be sequence homologous are well known (Black, 1993).…”

Intergeneric somatic hybridization and its application to crop genetic improvement

“…Incorporation of total genomes of the two parents, especially nuclear ones, in a hybrid has two obvious disadvantages, introduction of too much exotic genetic material accompanying the expected gene(s) and genetic imbalance leading to somatic incompatibility. These limitations could cause either abnormal growth and development of the somatic hybrids or regeneration of hybrids with low fertility (Wang et al, 1989;Sherraf et al, 1994;Spangenberg et al, 1994;Begum et al, 1995;Kisaka et al, 1998;Hu et al, 2002b;Wang et al, 2003). For example, the somatic hybrids between Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus, Lycium barbarum and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) did not develop roots (Bauer-Weston et al, 1993;Liu et al, 1995b).…”

“…Nicotiana Wolters et al (1993a, b), Ramulu et al (1995) and Vlahova et al (1997) Solanum Handley et al (1986), O'Connell and Hanson (1986, Sakomoto and Taguchi (1991), Gavrilenko et al (1992), Guri et al (1988), Hossain et al (1994, Sherraf et al (1994), Schoenmakers et al (1993Schoenmakers et al ( , 1994a and Kobayashi et al (1996), Melchers et al (1992), McCabe et al (1993), and Medicago Lotus Kaimori et al (1998) Onobrychis Li et al (1993) Nicotiana Solanum Vries et al (1987, Wan et al (1988), Toki et al (1990) and Gilissen et al (1992) Perl et al (1991, Thanh and Medgyesy (1989), Ramulu et al (1995Ramulu et al ( , 1996a, Tempelaar et al (1991), Wolters et al (1991) and Schoenmakers et al (1994a,b …”

“…For example, the backcross progenies of the somatic hybrids between rapeseed and Sinapsis arvensis or A. thaliana showed significantly higher resistance to blackleg or stem canker than rapeseed, indicating stable inheritance of disease resistance from the somatic hybrid to the progenies (Bohman et al, 2002;Hu et al, 2002a). In addition, tolerance to herbicide, salt, drought, heat and cold has also been transferred from the desirable donors to the cultivated species via somatic hybridization (Louzada et al, 1993;Hossain et al, 1994;Sherraf et al, 1994;Begum et al, 1995;Vazques-Thello et al, 1996;Yemets et al, 2000;Arumugam et al, 2002;Xia et al, 2003). Atrazine resistance was transferred from the resistant R. sativus to B. campestris (Pelletier et al, 1983).…”