Production and Characterization of Bio-oil from Bio-mass by Circulating Fluidized Bed Pyrolysis Reactor

Abstract

The objective of the present work is to install a modified suitable and compatible reactor system for the efficient production of renewable liquid fuel (bio-oil) from agro-based bio-mass. This new type of reactor system contains a combustor connected with the upper end of the reactor chamber. The bottom end of the reactor is connected with the bottom part of the combustor by a stainless steel pipe through which hot sand is circulated by the force of air pump. Thus, effective heat transfer from the continuously circulated heated sand as well as efficient biomass conversion into the reactor can be obtained. In this work, jute stick and bagasse abundantly available in Bangladesh were pyrolyzed separately in a continuous feeding circulating fluidized bed reactor at around 500°C for bio-oil production. The total bio-oil yields from bagasse and jute stick were about 69.5 wt% and 68.2 wt% respectively, which are higher than the yields obtained from fixed bed pyrolysis reactor. The total yields of char contents were 19.4 wt% and 21.7wt% after complete pyrolysis of bagasse and jute stick respectively, which are less than that of char yields obtained from fixed bed pyrolysis reactor. Physical and chemical analyses of bio-oils were carried out by conventional methods. The density, viscosity, pH, acid value, water, lignin, solid and ash contents of bio-oils obtained from both jute stick and bagasse were found to be 1.1 g/cc, 3.1 cp, 4.1, 126.3 mgKOH/g, 14.0 wt%, 2.5wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.03wt%, and 1.12 g/cc, 3.2cp, 4.0, 127.1 mgKOH/g, 13.0 wt%, 2.5wt%, 0.015wt%, 0.025wt%, respectively.

Physico-chemical analysis of pyrolyzed bio-oil from swietenia macrophylla (mahogany) wood

“…The pale brown bio-oil obtained from biomass by pyrolysis reaction which was stored in a refrigerator was thereafter characterized. The density, moisture content, ash content, pH, refractive index, cetane index, elemental composition, viscosity, and heating values as suggested by Hasan et al. (2011) were measured.…”

“…Energy demand is growing everyday with the swift outgrowth of the economy and the population (Raquel et al., 2018; Sharma and Sheth, 2015). The negative impact caused by the burning and use of fossil fuels for different purposes has created an environmental danger owing to the emission of greenhouse gases (Hasan et al., 2011; Mohamed, 2018), climate change, reduction in fossil fuel reserves (Sonil et al., 2014), acid rain and global warming. The result is an increased quest for renewable resources worldwide (Goyal et al., 2008; Sareekam et al., 2016).…”

Effect of biomass particle size on yield and composition of bio-oil produced from Empty Palm Fruit Bunch

“…The results of this experiment are congruent with those of [34,33], whose values were 21.41 MJ/kg and 25.29 MJ/kg, respectively. The resulting bio-oil is less acidic than the conventional bio-oil (pH = 2.3) derived from EPFB, according to reports in the literature, with a pH of 4.72 [35].…”

Effects of heating rate and heating up time to central biomass particles for bio-oil production

“…Advanced conversion technologies such as pyrolysis (Ganesh and Banerjee, 2001) and gasification (Asadullah, 2014) can offer methods of power generation with higher efficiencies than combustion based steam cycles. In these processes biomass is first converted to liquid called bio-oil which is a mixture of about 200 types of organic compounds (Hasan et al, 2011;Hasan et al, 2010) (fast pyrolysis) or gaseous (gasification) fuels, which are then burned in the engines or gas turbines. The heat generated by this process is converted to power at a higher temperature than in the simple steam cycle giving the potential for thermodynamically more efficient process (Asadullah et al, 2004).…”