Production and characterization of bio-oil and biochar from ablative pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass residues

Khuenkaeo, Nattawut; Tippayawong, Nakorn

doi:10.1080/00986445.2019.1574769

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The content of ketones and heterocyclic compounds in bio-oils exceeds 20%, which can be used as important chemical raw materials. Benzene and its derivatives and naphthalene are intermediates in the synthesis of spices, plastics, dyes, and drugs [57]. The bio-oil also contains a certain amount of high-value chemicals, such as Guaiacol (Phenol, 2-methoxy-) and α-D-glucose (1,4:3,6-Dianhydro-α-D-glucopyranose).…”

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the bio-oil contains α-D-glucopyranose and thus can be a valuable product obtained by pyrolysis biomass, which usually exists in the form of black-brown organic liquid mixture. Discussing with some related literature reports [56][57][58], the bio-oil of Caragana korshinskii biomass has the advantages of wide raw material sources, abundant reserves, renewable, high energy density, and easy transportation and storage. Khuenkaeo et al [57] and Lu et al [58] also believed the bio-oil is a potential source of liquid fuel and chemical raw materials.…”

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discussing with some related literature reports [56][57][58], the bio-oil of Caragana korshinskii biomass has the advantages of wide raw material sources, abundant reserves, renewable, high energy density, and easy transportation and storage. Khuenkaeo et al [57] and Lu et al [58] also believed the bio-oil is a potential source of liquid fuel and chemical raw materials. Therefore, biomass pyrolysis is an important technical method for solving fossil energy problems in the future, and many scholars have reached consensus on this point [56][57][58].…”

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Khuenkaeo et al [57] and Lu et al [58] also believed the bio-oil is a potential source of liquid fuel and chemical raw materials. Therefore, biomass pyrolysis is an important technical method for solving fossil energy problems in the future, and many scholars have reached consensus on this point [56][57][58]. A very interesting process about the change of tail gas is recorded in detail as follows: a slight wood burning odor begins to form at 280 • C, and green smoke is generated at 300 • C, accompanied by an irritating smoke smell.…”

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pyrolysis process proceeds layer by layer from the inside to the outside, and the heated part of the biomass is rapidly decomposed into biochar and volatiles [60]. Among them, the volatile matter is composed of condensable gas and non-condensable gas, and the condensable gas is rapidly condensed to obtain bio-oil [57]. With the transfer of heat, the organic matter inside the biomass is heated to continue pyrolysis, and part of the primary pyrolysis product undergoes a second pyrolysis or multiple pyrolysis until it is stable.…”

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Eco-Friendly Biochar and Valuable Bio-Oil from Caragana korshinskii: Pyrolysis Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Applications

et al. 2020

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Carbonization of biomass can prepare carbon materials with excellent properties. In order to explore the comprehensive utilization and recycling of Caragana korshinskii biomass, 15 kinds of Caragana korshinskii biochar (CB) were prepared by controlling the oxygen-limited pyrolysis process. Moreover, we pay attention to the dynamic changes of microstructure of CB and the by-products. The physicochemical properties of CB were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), BET-specific surface area (BET-SSA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimal preparation technology was evaluated by batch adsorption application experiment of NO3−, and the pyrolysis mechanism was explored. The results showed that the pyrolysis temperature is the most important factor in the properties of CB. With the increase of temperature, the content of C, pH, mesoporous structure, BET-SSA of CB increased, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) decreased and then increased, but the yield and the content of O and N decreased. The CEC, pH, and BET-SSA of CB under each pyrolysis process were 16.64–81.4 cmol·kg−1, 6.65–8.99, and 13.52–133.49 m2·g−1, respectively. CB contains abundant functional groups and mesoporous structure. As the pyrolysis temperature and time increases, the bond valence structure of C 1s, Ca 2p, and O 1s is more stable, and the phase structure of CaCO3 is more obvious, where the aromaticity increases, and the polarity decreases. The CB prepared at 650 °C for 3 h presented the best adsorption performance, and the maximum theoretical adsorption capacity for NO3− reached 120.65 mg·g−1. The Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order model can well describe the isothermal and kinetics adsorption process of NO3−, respectively. Compared with other cellulose and lignin-based biomass materials, CB showed efficient adsorption performance of NO3− without complicated modification condition. The by-products contain bio-soil and tail gas, which are potential source of liquid fuel and chemical raw materials. Especially, the bio-oil of CB contains α-d-glucopyranose, which can be used in medical tests and medicines.

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Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: By-products and Process Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Eco-Friendly Biochar and Valuable Bio-Oil from Caragana korshinskii: Pyrolysis Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Applications

et al. 2020

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Pyrolysis of Mixed Date Stones and Pistachio Shells: Identification of Bio‐Oil and Utilization of Bio‐Char as Activated Carbon Precursor

Ibrahim

Mahmood

Younis

et al. 2023

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Thermal pyrolysis of mixed date stones and pistachio shells in a semi‐batch reactor was addressed in this study. The highest yield of liquids (51.20 %) was produced at 500 °C, 90 min, 20 °C/min heating rate, and 50 mesh particle size. Under these conditions, yield of liquid from date stones and pistachio shells separately was 49.12 % and 47.67 %, respectively. The FT‐IR results confirmed the presence of multiple oxygen‐containing compounds in the bio‐oil. Results from GC–MS declared that it was predominately composed of acids (57.57 %), esters (21.35 %), phenols (4.63 5), and alcohols (3.49 5). The obtained biochar was transformed into activated carbon (AC) by the optimized ZnCl2 activation method. The ideal AC was synthesized at 600 °C for 60 min using a 2 : 1 ZnCl2: biochar impregnation ratio. FESEM and XRD measurements showed that the AC was amorphous. The prepared AC was effective in eliminating dibenzothiophene (DBT) from model fuel (200 ppm DBT/hexane) with a maximum performance 95.26 % at 40 °C for 1h using 0.35 g of the AC. The exhausted AC was regenerated and reutilized 4 times, and removal efficiency reached 88.23 % in the 4th cycle under ideal working conditions.

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Pyrolysis of wheat straw pellets in a pilot‐scale reactor: Effect of temperature and residence time

Nath,

Chen,

Bowtell

et al. 2024

Energy Science & Engineering

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Pyrolysis of two types of pellets (T1: 100% wheat straw, and T2: 70% wheat straw; 10% sawdust, 10% biochar, and 10% bentonite clay) was performed in a pilot‐scale reactor under a nitrogen environment at 20°C to 700°C. This was to investigate slow pyrolysis yields and gas composition as a function of temperature and residence time. The experimental data were obtained between 300°C and 600°C, with a residence time of 90 min, a nitrogen flow rate of 50 cm3/min, and a heating rate of 20°C/min. The results indicated that the maximum pyrolysis temperature is 605°C with a residence time of 55 min. The product analysis showed that the proportion of gas was higher than that of biochar and bio‐oil. The conversion efficiency increased with higher temperatures and varied between 66% and 76%. The results showed that carbon dioxide was the main component in the produced gas, and the maximum gas concentration was 63.6% at 300°C for T1. The higher temperature and longer residence time increased the syngas (CO + H2) composition for both T1 and T2 treatments. Nevertheless, the produced biochar had a high carbon content and retained a high calorific value, indicating slow pyrolysis is the ideal utilization route of wheat straw pellet biomass for biochar.

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Production and characterization of bio-oil and biochar from ablative pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass residues

Cited by 56 publications

References 28 publications

The Eco-Friendly Biochar and Valuable Bio-Oil from Caragana korshinskii: Pyrolysis Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Applications

The Eco-Friendly Biochar and Valuable Bio-Oil from Caragana korshinskii: Pyrolysis Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Applications

Pyrolysis of Mixed Date Stones and Pistachio Shells: Identification of Bio‐Oil and Utilization of Bio‐Char as Activated Carbon Precursor

Pyrolysis of wheat straw pellets in a pilot‐scale reactor: Effect of temperature and residence time

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