Production and Characterisation of SRF Premium Quality From Municipal and Commercial Solid Non-Hazardous Wastes in Austria, Croatia, Slovenia and Slovakia

Šarc, Renato; Kandlbauer, Lisa; Lorber, Karl; Pomberger, Roland

doi:10.31025/2611-4135/2019.13871

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This development is probably in accordance with the development of municipal waste management performance (i.e. increasing of recycling rates for municipal waste over last years), discussed by Pomberger et al (2017) and Sarc et al (submitted). The proportion of fraction ‘Paper, cardboard and cardboard packaging’ is still in the same range (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…All (9) SRF MEDIUM Quality are produced in Austrian waste treatment plants while SRF PREMIUM Quality is produced in Austria (6), Croatia (3), Slovenia (1) and Slovakia (1). Selected results on SRF PREMIUM Quality produced in Croatia are given by Sarc et al (2018) and SRF PREMIUM Quality produced in all four countries by Sarc et al (submitted).…”

Section: Update 2019 – Case Study: Utilisation Of Srf Premium Quality and Srf Medium Quality In A Cement Kilnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design, quality and quality assurance of solid recovered fuels for the substitution of fossil feedstock in the cement industry – Update 2019

et al. 2019

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Production, quality and quality assurance, as well as co-incineration of solid recovered fuels in cement industry, have become state-of-the-art in the European cement industry. At the global level, average thermal substitution rate is about 17%, whereby, only 13% in Canada and in the USA 16%, while in the European Union 28 it is about 44% (i.e. 11,300,000 t waste fuels utilised in 2016). In Austria, thermal substitution rate was ca. 80% in 2017, which was worldwide the highest one. Regarding solid recovered fuels for the cement industry, two types are relevant, namely solid recovered fuels PREMIUM Quality and solid recovered fuels MEDIUM Quality. In the case study shown, solid recovered fuels PREMIUM Quality from 11 and solid recovered fuels MEDIUM Quality from nine different solid recovered fuels production plants have been investigated. Investigations consist of sorting and sieving analyses (for PREMIUM), as well as physical–chemical analyses (for both solid recovered fuels types) according to the (inter)national standards (i.e. Austrian ‘ÖNORM’, European ‘EN’ standards and CEN TC 343 guidelines). The results gained from the first investigation were published in 2014 and here, results of further investigations are updated for 2016 and 2018 and confronted with legal and market relevant requirements. During the investigation, not enough parallel samples could be investigated and therefore no adequate scientific statistical analyses could be elaborated but a more practical indicative interpretation has been made. Finally, it can be confirmed, that all investigated solid recovered fuels fulfil the Austrian legal and international solid recovered fuels and co-incineration market requirements.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Update 2019 – Case Study: Utilisation Of Srf Premium Quality and Srf Medium Quality In A Cement Kilnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, quality and quality assurance of solid recovered fuels for the substitution of fossil feedstock in the cement industry – Update 2019

et al. 2019

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“…Furthermore, the standard requires certain chemical elements and properties to be determined for the specification of SRF. Sarc et al (2014Sarc et al ( , 2019Sarc et al ( , 2020 extensively reported on the chemical-physical quality of SRF from mixed municipal and commercial waste for its energy recovery in cement industry. When utilizing SRF in Austrian cement industry, input limits exist for delivered (unburnt) waste.…”

Section: The Use Of Srfs In the Austrian Cement Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical multistage processing is a technical pre-condition for production of quality assured SRF. As shown by Sarc et al (2014Sarc et al ( , 2019Sarc et al ( , 2020, there are various plant types and technical concepts applied in different regions and countries in the EU. Next, different processing steps and their extent and intensity are required to treat the various types and qualities of input waste.…”

Section: Mechanical Multistage Processing For Combined Production Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-processing of solid recovered fuels from mixed municipal and commercial waste in the cement industry – A pathway to a circular economy

Šarc

Viczek

2023

Waste Manag Res

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With global municipal solid waste generation increasing steadily, the importance of high-quality, environmentally friendly waste valorization methods is rising, too. Most countries have set themselves ambitious recycling goals and follow a waste hierarchy in which recycling is more preferable than energy recovery. This article focuses on a waste treatment option that already is an integral part of waste management in some countries and enables the simultaneous recovery of energy and mineral constituents: the production of solid recovered fuels (SRFs) from mixed municipal and commercial waste and their use in the cement industry is often referred to as co-processing. The state of the art of SRF production is described and the first comprehensive dataset for SRF samples including major constituents, heavy metal and metalloid contents, energy- and CO2-emission-relevant parameters, ash constituents and the material-recyclable share of SRF is presented. Additionally, a comparison with fossil fuels is given. It is concluded that SRF from state-of-the-art production plants complies with strict limit values for heavy metals, has an average biogenic carbon content of 60%, and its application in the cement industry can be considered as partial recycling (14.5%) and partial energy recovery (85.5%). Leaving no residues to be dealt with, co-processing of waste in the cement industry therefore offers many benefits and can support the shift from a linear to a circular economy.

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“…Other works were published on this topic, however, none clearly determines such parameters for the producer gas made out of SRF gasification. Thus, determination of these parameters will be very important in near future, especially while SRF material represents quite a diverse mixture of materials [11], [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Safety Assessment of Biomass-/Waste-Generated Producer Gas

Čespiva

Skřínský

Vereš

et al. 2022

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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The production of synthetic gas and alternative liquid fuels, based on renewable and waste source materials, is an emerging topic. With growing energy demand and increasing CO2 concentration within the atmosphere, caused by excessive fossil fuels combustion, alternative ways of energy utilisation, storage and transformation are intensely being sought and developed. Combining technologies of gasification and Fischer-Tropsch catalytic synthesis of biomass/waste materials can provide not only a possibility to replace fossil fuels extraction, but it can partially solve the issue of growing amounts of unprocessed waste materials. The 200 kW power input technology for gasification of biomass/waste materials with sliding bed, cross/updraft reactor was used to perform experimental measurements of conversion of waste materials into producer gas. This gas, with potential to be used as a source gas for catalytic synthesis was examined from quality and safety points of view. The composition and suitability for its utilisation was evaluated, as well as safety assessment in terms of its explosivity was determined. The latter mentioned was carried out in 1 m 3 spherical explosion vessel to determine pressure rise during the explosion of the producer gas. The results showed interesting differences between measured data and mathematical model, probably caused by the presence of other substances, such as tar compound, solid particles and other pollutants.

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Production and Characterisation of SRF Premium Quality From Municipal and Commercial Solid Non-Hazardous Wastes in Austria, Croatia, Slovenia and Slovakia

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Design, quality and quality assurance of solid recovered fuels for the substitution of fossil feedstock in the cement industry – Update 2019

Design, quality and quality assurance of solid recovered fuels for the substitution of fossil feedstock in the cement industry – Update 2019

Co-processing of solid recovered fuels from mixed municipal and commercial waste in the cement industry – A pathway to a circular economy

Evaluation and Safety Assessment of Biomass-/Waste-Generated Producer Gas

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