Produção do espaço urbano pelos homens ordinários: antropologia de dois micro-espaços na cidade de Salvador

Abstract

Este trabalho se insere no que se chama hoje de antropologia da cidade, que se preocupa com a forma como os citadinos – em sua condição alternada de usuários, moradores, transeuntes ou consumidores – fazem a cidade (Agier, 2011). Nossa compreensão de cidade está marcada pela recente teoria do espaço no interior da Geografia (Massey, 2012) e nossa compreensão da produção do espaço se baseia na teoria de Henri Lefebvre, especialmente em seu La production de l´espace (1974). Com esta bagagem teórica, propomos uma antropologia dos espaços urbanos preocupada com a forma como os espaços na cidade são produzidos por pessoas comuns ou homens ordinários. Os dados empíricos analisados provêm de uma etnografia de dois micro-espaços na cidade de Salvador. As leituras teóricas destes micro-espaços nos levam a afirmar a atualidade e força dos espaços diferenciais que emergem no espaço abstrato, a significação política dos espaços apropriados e a vigência do valor de uso e as relações costumeiras na cidade contemporânea.Palavras-chave: Espaços urbanos. Produção do espaço. Espaços diferenciais. Apropriação de espaços. Valor de uso.Production of urban space by ordinary men: anthropology of two micro-spaces in the city of SalvadorAbstractThis work is part of what is today called anthropology of the city, that is concerned with how the townspeople – in their alternating condition of users, residents, bystanders or consumers – make the city (Agier, 2011). Our understanding of the city is marked by the recent theory of space inside the geography (Massey, 2012) and our understanding of the production of space is based on the theory of Henri Lefebvre, especially in its The production of the space (1974). With this theoretical background, we propose an anthropology of urban spaces concerned with how the spaces in the city are made by ordinary people or ordinary men . The data analyzed come from an ethnographic study of two micro-spaces in the city of Salvador. The theoretical interpretations of these micro-spaces lead us to affirm the relevance and strength of differential spaces that emerge in the abstract space, the political significance of the appropriate spaces and the duration of use value and customary relations in the contemporary city.Keywords: Urban spaces. Production of space. Differential spaces. Appropriation of spaces. Use value.

Right to the City Centre

“…The city is the way it is used (Reckwitz, 2017). The categorization of space as experience stems from a comprehensive perspective that includes meanings, perceptions, and symbolic aspects in the processes of producing space (Schmid, 2012;Uriarte, 2014). In this sense, everyday life plays a central role in qualifying, limiting and defining the meanings and uses of space.…”

Spacing and places arrangements: a study of the identity symbols of the Moto Club ‘Children of Freedom’ and their representations

“…As this study develops in the urban environment, we will approach Urban Anthropology and its look at the city as a space of multiple occupied heterogeneous territories, whether used or not, and their urban groups, always in alternate conditions of contradictions and completions. Or otherwise, from the cities within the city, according to Uriarte [4].…”

“…The author also proposes that 'urban space anthropology' be referred to as the area of study that is interested in the production of spaces in the city by ordinary people, in contrast to studies of micro-spaces produced by abstract forces, such as the market or real estate capital [4]. From this point of view, we see the city as a set of multiple spaces differentiated between them that make up and divide, floating between contradictory and complementary relationships.…”