Produção, caracterização bioquímica e purificação de lipases de Metschnikowia sp. prospectadas do ambiente Antártico utilizando sistema bifásico aquoso

Abstract

Studies of planet's natural resources have been shown as the path to the advancement of technological processes and to the detriment of chemical methods. Thus, the need to search for enzymes with special characteristics that make their application in the industrial field, together with the capacity of survival and adaptation of beings in habitats extreme environments, such as the Antarctic continent, make these microorganisms targets of great biotechnological interest. Specifically, the extraction of lipases from psychrophilic and psychrotolerant fungi has attracted attention due to its high activity at low temperatures, which confers a peculiar property. Alternative technologies are gradually surfacing in the purification of lipases, where aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) are prominent. In this work, lipases of Mestschnikowia australis CRM 1589., isolated from Antarctic environment, produced under submerged fermentation, were purified and characterized. The enzyme was efficiently extracted with an aqueous two-phase system composed by PEG / sodium phosphate and PEG / ammonium sulfate, with a tendency to phase partition in PEG rich. In addition, the first system has better partitioning results and the second onde showed higher purification factors. The main studies indicated that lipase has alkaline characteristics, stability in a wide range of temperature and low inhibition values to metallic ions. These characteristics confer potential industrial applications for this lipase.