Processos e significados da experiência de pais, mães ou cuidador primário de crianças abusadas sexualmente

Abstract

Introduction-Sexual abuse of children and adolescents is a public health problem, with approximately 73 million cases of boys and 150 million of girls registered annually worldwide. Sexual abuse creates negative consequences and risk behaviors that contribute to some of the leading causes of death, disease, and deficiency in victims of abuse. Parents or primary caregivers are a fundamental part of the orientation process of caring for abused children in the sense of preventing cognitive, behavioral, and emotional consequences to the future of these children. However, the skills of the families and caregivers to deal with the problem are still inadequate. Objective-To describe the processes and the meanings of the experience of the parents or primary caregivers with sexually abused children. Method-The empirical data were analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse (DCS), based on the Theory of Social Representations, which makes possible the emergence of social representations by constructing collective discourses obtained from the statements of a particular group. We evaluated 60 parents or primary caregivers not rapists, who responded to five problem situations, each one with its corresponding questions, living in the municipalities of Cajicá and Tabio, Bogotá, Colombia. The data were processed and analyzed in the Qualiquantisoft software, which is associated with the DSC method. Results-In the first problem situation, related to "why the silence about child abuse", participants emphasized the relationship between parents and children (45.7%, n = 43) as essential to improve the role of parents through listening, dialogue, trust, and dedication of more time spent with the children; they also think that silence is due to children's fears and threats and intimidation by the abuser. In the second problem situation, related to the "identification of sexual abuse as a real problem", the meaning ascribed sets chains that are repeated by intergenerational transmission (26.9%, n = 21). In the third problem situation, "what to do in the future," 53.0% of the respondents (n = 32) believe that children are behaviorally committed and emphasize homosexuality, with loss of identity, as a result of sexual violence. The fourth problem situation, which emphasizes "the role of the network in the care of children", respondents believe that the solution is to give protection (29.0%, n = 37), with actions to remove the child violent environment, provide guidance, support and security to the child and family. The fifth problem situation, as regards the "care of abused children", 34.0% of the respondents (n = 37) emphasized the support and assistance with the intervention of the network of social and emotional support. Conclusion-for parents or primary caregivers of sexually abused children, the meanings are expressed as affective, courage, resilience, not to be afraid, and to recognize the faults of the parents. In merging the results that reveal traditional views of respondents, innovative programs are recommended with high educ...

Assistência de enfermagem à criança e adolescente em situação de violência sexual

“…López CG. 2016 (17) Processos e significados da experiência de pais, mães e cuidador primário de crianças abusadas sexualmente.…”

“…A hipersexualização pode ser encarada como mais um sintoma e específico de crianças sexualmente abusadas. (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) Além disso, muitas crianças que vivenciam a violência sexual, tem grandes chances de reproduzir a violência sofrida, tanto na infância como em sua fase adulta. Quanto mais cedo for diagnosticado, menos traumas e sequelas a vítima será acometida, seja no decorrer da infância ou na fase adulta.…”

“…É uma experiência que é capaz de ocasionar sequelas físicas e, principalmente, psicológicas. (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) A sexualidade é um fator inerente do indivíduo e essencial ao bem-estar de adolescentes e jovens, que ultrapassa o enfoque simplesmente biológico, expressando-se do mesmo modo como um acontecimento psicológico e social, fortemente persuadido pelas convicções e valores privativos e familiares, princípios e preconceitos da comunidade. (3) O Ministério da Saúde entende que é necessário assegurar à toda criança e adolescente o direito ao desenvolvimento de sua sexualidade de forma segura e protegida, livre de violências e exploração sexual.…”

Abuso sexual infantil e consequências na vida adulta: uma revisão sistemática

“…O crime de estupro é um dos mais maléficos, pois agride o corpo, a mente e a dignidade das vítimas (Souto et al 2017). É considerado estupro ou violação, quando qualquer indivíduo adulto comete o estupro associado à crueldade ou mesmo assassinato de crianças como meios gradativamente mais brutais de ataque sexual (López, 2016). Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 11, e93391110484, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10484…”

“…A família como instituição encontra-se em crise, o que retrata as profundas e rápidas transformações causadas pelo fenômeno da globalização e dos conflitos entre as normas provenientes desta globalização e das realidades e costumes locais (López, 2016).…”