Processo De Terapia Transfusional Em Unidade De Terapia Intensiva Neonatal: O Conhecimento Do Enfermeiro

Abstract

RESUMOObjetivo: analisar o conhecimento do enfermeiro da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal acerca do processo da terapia transfusional.Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, qualitativo, realizado no segundo semestre de 2014 em dois hospitais da cidade de Belo Horizonte, no Estado de Minas Gerais(Brasil). Foram entrevistados 35 enfermeiros. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática.Resultados: a categoria temática o processo pré-transfusional na atenção ao recém-nascido e sua interface para o cuidado obteve duas subcategorias: Contextualizando a prática na indicação transfusional e nos exames de compatibilidade sanguínea; e Os cuidados de enfermagem ao recém-nascido ante o procedimento transfusional. Com isso, os enfermeiros citaram a importância da conferência da bolsa de sangue, punção do acesso venoso periférico e a não administração de antibiótico no momento da infusão.Conclusão: comprovou-se que os enfermeiros têm conhecimento acerca do processo pré-transfusional, embora alguns passos importantes no cuidado não tenham sido mencionados, mostrando a necessidade de melhor capacitação desses profissionais no cuidado vinculado à terapia transfusional. DESCRITORES: THE TRANSFUSIONAL THERAPY PROCESS IN THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE THERAPY UNIT: THE NURSE'S KNOWLEDGE ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze the knowledge of nurses from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit regarding the transfusion therapy process.Method: descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study carried out in the second half of 2014 in two hospitals in the city of Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais (Brazil), 35 nurses were interviewed. The data were submitted to thematic content analysis.Results: the thematic categories pre-transfusion process for newborns \and its connection to care obtained two subcategories: Contextualizing the practice in the indication for transfusion and in the blood compatibility exams; and Nursing care for the newborn before the transfusion procedure. Nurses cited the importance of blood bag verification, obtaining peripheral venous access, and avoiding the administration of antibiotics at the time of infusion. Conclusion:it was verified that nurses are aware of the pre-transfusion process, although some important steps in the care process have not been mentioned, showing the need for improved training of these professionals in the care related to transfusion therapy.DESCRIPTORS: Blood transfusion. Transfusion of blood components. Neonatal nursing. Nursing care. Neonatal intensive care units.

The knowledge of the nursing team on transfusion of hemocomponents: an integrated review

“…Article 1 included 35 NICU nurse specialists who provide direct care to patients. 13 Deficiencies identified included the verification of the transfusion request, observations religious beliefs and full analysis of the recipient's blood sample for pretransfusion testing. 13 Aspects related to peripheral venous access, the impossibility of administering blood with medications and the initial monitoring of vital signs were categories where the participants demonstrated satisfactory knowledge.…”

“…13 Deficiencies identified included the verification of the transfusion request, observations religious beliefs and full analysis of the recipient's blood sample for pretransfusion testing. 13 Aspects related to peripheral venous access, the impossibility of administering blood with medications and the initial monitoring of vital signs were categories where the participants demonstrated satisfactory knowledge. 13 The authors indicate that the transfusion equipment was not mentioned by any of the participants and the need to keep the transfusion card until the end of the procedure was mentioned by only one.…”

“…13 Aspects related to peripheral venous access, the impossibility of administering blood with medications and the initial monitoring of vital signs were categories where the participants demonstrated satisfactory knowledge. 13 The authors indicate that the transfusion equipment was not mentioned by any of the participants and the need to keep the transfusion card until the end of the procedure was mentioned by only one. The verification of card data was another shortcoming, as not all items that should be checked were mentioned in the professionals' statements.…”

“…The verification of card data was another shortcoming, as not all items that should be checked were mentioned in the professionals' statements. 13 The conclusion was that nurses do not have full knowledge of transfusion procedure, generating situations of insecurity for the patients and indicating the need for better training on the subject. 13 Article 2 included 104 ICU staff members as participants.…”

Problems evidenced by nursing care in blood transfusions: an integrative review

“…When analyzed the knowledge and performance regarding transfusion practice before and after training intervention for Nurses and nursing staff, evidence showed that there was an increase in knowledge and performance of professionals [19,22,25]. Thus, it was observed that permanent education for nursing professionals on hemovigilance guidelines is the most assertive way to improve the quality of care provided [6,20].…”