Process for the recycling of alkaline and zinc–carbon spent batteries

Ferella, Francesco; Michelis, Ida De; Vegliò, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.05.043

Cited by 122 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The latter appears more probable from the results of X-ray analysis. Moreover, among five scientific papers perused, two of them (Freitas and De Pietre, 2004;Shin et al, 2009) report zinc in addition to zinc oxide, but the other three (De Souza et al, 2001, De Souza andFerella et al, 2008) report zinc oxide only. In addition, the wet process of shaking table applied on the paste of batteries should have oxidized most of zinc to zinc oxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Thermal Process for the Recovery of Metals From Zinc-Carbon and Alkaline Spent Batteries

Belardi¹,

Lavecchia²,

Medici³

et al. 2014

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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The aim of this study is the thermal recovery of manganese and zinc from a mixture of zinc-carbon and alkaline spent batteries containing 40.9% of Mn and 30.1% of Zn after a preliminary physical treatment. Separation of the metals is carried out on the basis of their different phase change temperatures, the boiling point of zinc being 906°C and 1564°C that of Mn 3 O 4 , the main Mn-bearing phase in the mixture. After wet comminution and sieving to remove the anodic collectors and most of the chlorides contained in the mixture, chemical and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) analyses were performed. The mixture was heated in CO 2 atmosphere and the temperature raised, thus permitting the zinc oxide to be reduced to metallic zinc by the carbon present in the original mixture. Other tests were carried out by addition to the mixture of activated charcoal (95% C) or of the automotive shredder residue (fluff) containing 45% C.A zinc product was obtained suitable, after refining, for the production of new batteries. The treatment residue consisted of manganese and iron oxides that could be used to produce manganese-iron alloys. From these results, an integrated process for the recovery of the two metals was proposed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Thermal Process for the Recovery of Metals From Zinc-Carbon and Alkaline Spent Batteries

Belardi¹,

Lavecchia²,

Medici³

et al. 2014

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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“…2,15 However, this is only true if manganese is solubilized via conversion to Mn(II) by adding a reducing agent. 1,7,13,16,17 Otherwise, manganese leaching is partial.…”

Section: Figure 1 General Scheme For Recovery Of Zn Mn and Other Mementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated that this acid is more efficient than hydrochloric acid. 14 It may be employed alone, 2,4,15 where zinc is preferably leached over manganese, or together with a reductant: H 2 O 2 , 1,2,7,13 SO 2 , 13 oxalate 16 or carbohydrates. 17 In this case, manganese is reduced from + 4/+3 to + 2 state (Mn 2+ , soluble and stable in acidic medium).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of manganese and zinc from spent Zn-C and alkaline batteries in acidic medium

Silva¹,

Silva²,

Afonso³

2010

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 27/10/09; aceito em 26/4/10; publicado na web em 9/8/10The anode and the internal paste of spent Zn-C and alkaline batteries were leached with 2 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 at 80 o C for 2 h. Solid/liquid ratio was 1/10 (g mL -1 ). The leachate was treated with Na 2 S in order to precipitate Hg, Cd and Pb. Zn was quantitatively isolated at pH 1,5-2 by adding Na 2 S. Mn can be precipitated at pH close to 7. Na 2 S may be replaced by oxalic acid. Zn precipitated at pH around 0, whereas Mn was quantitatively recovered at pH ≥ 4. Acidity control is a critical parameter. Na 2 SO 4 and carbon are the end products.

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“…2. (De Michelis et al, 2007;Ferella et al, 2008;Shin et al, 2009;Furlani et al, 2009;Sayilgan et al, 2009a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative leaching of spent zinc-manganese-carbon batteries using sulfur dioxide in ammoniacal and sulfuric acid solutions

et al. 2010

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Process for the recycling of alkaline and zinc–carbon spent batteries

Cited by 122 publications

References 9 publications

A New Thermal Process for the Recovery of Metals From Zinc-Carbon and Alkaline Spent Batteries

A New Thermal Process for the Recovery of Metals From Zinc-Carbon and Alkaline Spent Batteries

Recovery of manganese and zinc from spent Zn-C and alkaline batteries in acidic medium

Comparative leaching of spent zinc-manganese-carbon batteries using sulfur dioxide in ammoniacal and sulfuric acid solutions

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