Abstract-A membrane with selective wettability and excellent thermal and chemical stability is required for effective oil-water separation. In this work, a novel TiO 2 nanosheet-anchored carbonnanofibers fabricated by using solvothermal method is presented. The hierarchical TiO 2 micro/nanostructure that grows on the surface of carbon nanofibers renders the membrane superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic. Coupled with the characteristic of high porosity and micron-scale pore size, the membrane is capable of separating oil from water by gravity. Thermal analysis show thatthe oil-water separation efficiency is greater than 99%. Furthermore, the membrane has an oil breakthrough pressure up to 3.63m which is the highest breakthrough pressure ever reported. Stability test indicates that the membrane is stable in ultrasonic, thermal and extreme pH conditions. Without compromising the separation efficiency, a permeate flux of 400-700L/m 2 -hr can be achieved.