Process design and economic evaluation of green extraction methods for recovery of astaxanthin from shrimp waste

Abstract

Sunflower oil (SF) and its methyl ester as well as supercritical fluid (SC-CO2+ 5 wt% EtOH) have recently been shown as potential green solvents which could substitute traditional organic solvents. This study investigates the economic feasibility of using these green solvents to extract astaxanthin (ASX) from shrimp processing waste. The feasibility of commercial use of the green solvents under plausible process conditions is compared to extraction with a mixture of hexane: isopropanol (Hex:IPA). The process flowsheets describing these processes were modelled by means of SuperPro Designer and Aspen Plus. The highest ASX extraction yield was achieved using Hex:IPA (26.4 kg/year), the lowest yield using SC-CO2+ 5 wt% EtOH (12.8 kg/year). The cost of producing pure ASX for these processes was about 0.6 and 0.82 $/mg of ASX, respectively. The concentration of ASX obtained by the extraction processes with SF or the methyl ester of SF (ME-SF) was 2.5 and 153 ppm with a production cost of 0.06 and 0.16 $/mg of ASX, respectively. In addition, shrimp feed production was considered as a feasible application of the low concentration ASX obtained by SF extraction. A combination of ASX extracted with SF and synthetic ASX yielded a shrimp feed 2 production cost comparable to the current market price. The calculated feed pricebased on the ASX production cost of the other green processes, ME-SF and SCFE, resultedin a significantly higher production cost.

Reclamation of Fishery Processing Waste: A Mini-Review

“…In addition to chitin, shrimp waste also contains several bioactive compounds, such as astaxanthin, amino acids, and fatty acids [92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101]. These bioactive compounds have a wide range of applications, including those in the medical, therapeutic, cosmetic, paper, pulp, and textile industries, as well as in biotechnology and food [95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104]. Pacheco et al [95] recovered chitin and astaxanthin from shrimp waste that was fermented using lactic acid bacteria, while Parjikolaei et al [99] designed a green extraction method using sunflower oil to recover astaxanthin from shrimp waste.…”

“…These bioactive compounds have a wide range of applications, including those in the medical, therapeutic, cosmetic, paper, pulp, and textile industries, as well as in biotechnology and food [95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104]. Pacheco et al [95] recovered chitin and astaxanthin from shrimp waste that was fermented using lactic acid bacteria, while Parjikolaei et al [99] designed a green extraction method using sunflower oil to recover astaxanthin from shrimp waste. Amado et al [96] reported on the recovery of high concentrations of astaxanthin by the ultrafiltration of wastewater used to cook shrimp and indicated that astaxanthin is associated with retained proteins that have a high molecular weight.…”

Numerical determination of the correct solvents to extract a phytochemical from coffee pulp using Hansen solubility parameters, risk assessment, sustainability evaluation, and economic analysis

“…In a solvent extraction process, the main task is to find the most suitable solvent to extract the phytochemicals of interest from the raw vegetable material [16][17][18]. However, during the early stages of the extraction process, experiment-based methods are usually employed to select the best performing solvent from a preselected shortlist [19], which implies spending, reagents, time, human resources, and installed capacity, among other resources.…”

In Vitro Bioactivity of Astaxanthin and Peptides from Hydrolisates of Shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) By-Products: From the Extraction Process to Biological Effect Evaluation, as Pilot Actions for the Strategy “From Waste to Profit”

“…Other studies reported that doses of 3 mg/kg, over an eight-week treatment period, reduced retinal oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes [ 15 ]. The utilization of AST, as a promising therapeutic strategy in ocular disease and in particular in diabetic retinopathy, requires the use of AST extracted using “green” methods, as an alternative to traditional chemical methods that use toxic solvents [ 16 ]. The “green techniques” are based on the discovery and design of extraction processes that reduce energy consumption, allow the use of alternative solvents and renewable natural products, and ensure a safe and high-quality extract/product [ 17 , 18 ].…”