The objective of
this study is to fabricate an electrode by frictional
sliding caused by a rough paper surface. The pressure exerted during
drawing induces adsorption of the graphite particles by the rough
paper and simultaneously reduces the surface roughness of the paper
electrode. Repetitive drawing in one-way direction reduced the roughness
of the paper surface, decreasing the grain boundaries of graphite.
This increases the electron pathway at the electrode, thus reducing
the resistance to less than 50 Ω. At the same time, repetitive
drawing could confirm that unstable errors caused by the hand could
help converge within a certain margin of error. We quantified the
relationship between pressure and resistance when drawing on the electrode
using a pencil hardness tester. In addition, the electrodes formed
by repeated drawing generated a new surface grain and boundary, parallel
to the drawing direction, and changed the electrode characteristics
with respect to the drawing direction. The grain boundary difference
based on the drawing direction was measured via a
heating test of the foldable device, a sound pressure level, and laser
scattering vibrometer measurements of a linear speaker. The fabricated
graphite electrodes can be used in disposable foldable paper electronics
because they are prepared using inexpensive materials.