Procedures and pitfalls in incisional biopsies of oral squamous cell carcinoma with respect to histopathological diagnosis

Rao, Roopa S; Chatura, K. R.; Sv, Sowmya; Prasad, Kavitha; Lakshminarayana, Surendra; Ali, Fareedi Mukram; Awan, Kamran Habib; Patil, Shankargouda

doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2020.101035

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…15 Lately, however, the procedure of incisional biopsy has been a matter of great concern among several clinicians, who believe that incisional biopsy may lead to the spread of cancerous cells into the neighboring normal tissues. 11,12 Since the intact basement membrane of the oral epithelium acts as a barricade against metastasis, surgical intervention may compromise the structural integrity of this basement membrane and hence lead to the local spread of the primary cancerous lesion as well as distant metastatic lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, many clinicians believe that the risk of tumor metastasis is increased by incisional biopsy because when the tumorous mass is cut from the depths of the lesion, cancerous cells gain access to the normal surrounding tissue via the exposed local channels and blood vessels. 11,12 This allows to cancer cells to migrate from the primary site, travel via the local channels or blood stream to a secondary site where they lodge into the surrounding vessels and tissues and proliferate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of pre and post incisional biopsy levels of Serum Cytokeratin-19 for detection of the dissemination of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Iqbal¹,

Tariq²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2023

TPMJ

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Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of cytokeratin 19 for the presence and spread of oral squamous cell carcinoma following incisional biopsy. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-sectional. Setting: Isra Dental College Hospital, Isra University Hyderabad. Period: November 2020 to October 2021. Material & Methods: Consenting patients of either gender, age 20-70 years, with clinical suspicion of OSCC were included in the study. Patients with a previous history of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, those having history of previous biopsy, recurrence of carcinoma were excluded. After detailed examination, blood samples of all patients were collected before and after incisional biopsy and sent to the laboratory for further evaluation for CK-19 level. Results: Of total 60 patients, majority (86.6%) were male. Over half (53.3%) of the participants belongs to age-group 40-59 years. Before incisional biopsy, all participating OSCC patients were negative for the Cytokeratin RT-PCR assay. While RT-PCR (CK-19) was detected positive for 12 (20%) of patients within 15 minutes of biopsy whereas, remaining 48 (80%) showed negativity for CK-19 assay. Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was observed for the post incisional biopsy CK-19 +ve and –ve patients. Male patients and patients well differentiated OSCC tumors had positive post incisional biopsy PCR compared with their counterparts (p<0.05). Conclusion: Incisional biopsy promotes the propagation of cancerous cells and increases the risk of developing metastatic lesions. Additionally, RT-PCR is a reliable tool for the detection of CK-19 transcripts in the blood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of pre and post incisional biopsy levels of Serum Cytokeratin-19 for detection of the dissemination of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Iqbal¹,

Tariq²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2023

TPMJ

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“…Despite advancements in the treatment of HNSCC through surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the disease still carries a low overall 5-year survival rate of about 40 percent (3,51). Clinical examinations and biopsies often fail to detect HNSCCs, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma, in the early stages (52). Therefore, early diagnosis of these malignancies can reduce morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Folate and Homocysteine As Possible Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Serum Folate and Homocysteine with Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Moghaddam Vahed,

Bahramian,

Katebi

et al. 2024

Shiraz E-Med J

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Context: Early diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is critical for preventing further disease progression. This study aimed to compare the serum folate and homocysteine levels in patients with HNSCC and healthy controls through a systematic review and subsequent meta-analyses. Evidence Acquisition: The research question was: Is there a difference between serum folate and homocysteine levels (O) of patients with HNSCC (E) compared to healthy controls (C)? To conduct a systematic review, keywords were first identified and then searched in Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases within the period from January 2000 to November 2023. The searched studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and after assessing the quality of the selected articles using the Joanna Briggs Institute assessment checklist, 10 articles were finally included in the meta-analysis (nine articles for serum folate and eight for homocysteine). Due to the heterogeneity of studies, meta-analyses were conducted according to the random-effects model. Several meta-analyses were carried out because the selected articles were not uniform regarding smoking habits. Results: Regardless of smoking conditions, the serum folate levels of the HNSCC patients were significantly lower than those of the control groups. Similarly, the serum homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the patient groups compared to the control groups. Conclusions: The meta-analyses in this study showed an association between serum folate and homocysteine levels with HNSCC, indicating their possible use as biomarkers for the early detection of HNSCC.

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“…Various methods are employed to diagnose OPMD, including visual inspection supported by vital staining [ 14 ], autofluorescence, and reflectance spectroscopy [ 15 ]. Invasive approaches such as brush biopsy with cytologic testing and incision biopsy are also utilized [ 16 , 17 ]. Cytologic testing of suspicious lesions has demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.92 and a specificity of 0.94 for OPMD and OSCC [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders: leveraging Vision transformers for multi-class detection

Vinayahalingam,

van Nistelrooij,

Rothweiler

et al. 2024

Clin Oral Invest

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Objectives Diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) is critical to prevent oral cancer. This study aims to automatically detect and classify the most common pre-malignant oral lesions, such as leukoplakia and oral lichen planus (OLP), and distinguish them from oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and healthy oral mucosa on clinical photographs using vision transformers. Methods 4,161 photographs of healthy mucosa, leukoplakia, OLP, and OSCC were included. Findings were annotated pixel-wise and reviewed by three clinicians. The photographs were divided into 3,337 for training and validation and 824 for testing. The training and validation images were further divided into five folds with stratification. A Mask R-CNN with a Swin Transformer was trained five times with cross-validation, and the held-out test split was used to evaluate the model performance. The precision, F1-score, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and the confusion matrix of the most effective model were presented. Results The detection of OSCC with the employed model yielded an F1 of 0.852 and AUC of 0.974. The detection of OLP had an F1 of 0.825 and AUC of 0.948. For leukoplakia the F1 was 0.796 and the AUC was 0.938. Conclusions OSCC were effectively detected with the employed model, whereas the detection of OLP and leukoplakia was moderately effective. Clinical relevance Oral cancer is often detected in advanced stages. The demonstrated technology may support the detection and observation of OPMD to lower the disease burden and identify malignant oral cavity lesions earlier.

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Procedures and pitfalls in incisional biopsies of oral squamous cell carcinoma with respect to histopathological diagnosis

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Role of pre and post incisional biopsy levels of Serum Cytokeratin-19 for detection of the dissemination of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Role of pre and post incisional biopsy levels of Serum Cytokeratin-19 for detection of the dissemination of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The Relationship Between Serum Folate and Homocysteine with Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Advancements in diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders: leveraging Vision transformers for multi-class detection

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