Procedural Justice, Trust, and Institutional Legitimacy

Adding value? A review of the international literature on the role of higher education in police training and education

“…Schein's (1996) work on organizational culture points to the value of recruiting graduates who have the critical thinking skills to challenge managers. This is particularly important in an environment where the constraints of occupational culture are widely documented and have a clear impact on public perceptions of the police (Hough, Jackson, Bradford, Myhill and Quinton, 2010). An academic education encourages flexibility in orientation to competing demands whilst also generating transferable skills that help individuals to develop competence in a number of areas (Jaschke and Neidhardt, 2007).…”

“…Similarly, in the United States Paoline and Terrill (2007) found that officers with higher levels of education received fewer complaints and worked in areas with higher citizen-satisfaction. A clear relationship has been identified between the way policing is carried out and experienced by the public (procedural justice) and levels of public trust and confidence in the police (Hough et al, 2010). Public mistrust of the police in India provides a useful point of comparison here, with the low status and limited education of police officers being cited as two reasons for a lack of public confidence.…”

Exploring recent developments in restorative policing in England and Wales

“…These findings on police-community engagement can be linked to research on the value of procedural legitimacy (Tyler, 1997;Hough et al, 2010) where public confidence in the police relates to levels of trust and engagement in criminal justice processes. There are further links here with Brodeur's (1983) concepts of 'high' and 'low' policing which examine how the tensions generated by 'high' policing strategies (such as the policing of political conflict and terrorism 3 ) result in the necessity of a simultaneous focus on 'low' policing strategies that emphasise conflict resolution.…”

Legal cynicism effects on human trafficking efforts in Moldova and Albania

“…While previous research has sought to understand the impact of legal cynicism as it relates to the police, racial disparity and neighborhood disadvantage, this research intends to expand this framework to include government institutions. This expansion is especially valuable applied outside of the U.S context, because much of the literature has reviewed the relationship between American perceptions of legitimacy and institutional organizations, particularly law enforcement (Kirk, Matsuda, 2011;Sampson, Batrusch, 1998;Hough, et al, 2010). The application of legal cynicism in international contexts however has not been explored in the same capacity.…”

“…While much of the legitimacy scholarship has looked at the procedural justice model, or why citizens obey the law and the agents that enforce those laws (Hough, 2010), as a means of addressing the questions around legitimacy, Loader and Sparks (2013) suggest that this framework "might simply not 'travel' very well beyond the borders of the United States" (pg. 107).…”