Procalcitonin levels in schizophrenic patients and patients with sepsis

Campos, Salvina Maria de; Barbosa, Izabela Guimarães; Ribeiro-Santos, Rafael; Ferretjans, Rodrigo; Cruz, Breno Fiúza; Oliveira, Carolina; Alves, Clara R. Oliveira; Nobre, Vandack; Salgado, João Vinícius; Teixeira, Antônio Lúcio

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.07.010

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Nevertheless, newer inflammatory biomarkers like procalcitonin (PCT) are now also being utilized in place of CRP and ESR. However, the available data for use of PCT in the identification or screening of psychosis is extremely small [ 81 , 82 ] and further empirical data is necessary to compare the efficacy of PCT against other established biomarkers like CRP.…”

Section: Conclusion and Ways Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role and Perspectives of Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Psychosis: An Economic and Widespread Tool for Assessing the Disease

Ullah

Awan

Aamir

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Schizophrenia is a major psychotic disorder affecting nearly 23.6 million people globally and greatly impacting the cognitive and social functioning of individuals. Multiple risk factors, including genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors have been identified. However, the exact mechanism by which some factors aid in the development of schizophrenia is still uncertain. Acute and/or long-standing inflammation has been implicated as both a cause and effect of schizophrenia. Heightened immune responses have been documented in large cohorts of individuals with schizophrenia. While not completely known, multiple hypotheses, such as disruption of the blood–brain barrier, alterations in the kynurenine/tryptophan pathway, and increased microglial activation, have been presented to correlate inflammation with schizophrenic symptoms. Measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) is a commonly performed and inexpensive test on patients’ serum to determine levels of systemic inflammation in the body. Multiple studies have reported an elevated CRP level in different stages of schizophrenia, indicating its potential to be used as a viable biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of schizophrenia along with assessing treatment response to conventional and non-conventional treatment regimens. This review aims to evaluate the role of inflammation, in general, and CRP, in particular, in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and its potential significance in diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventative approaches towards schizophrenia and psychosis.

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Section: Conclusion and Ways Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role and Perspectives of Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Psychosis: An Economic and Widespread Tool for Assessing the Disease

Ullah

Awan

Aamir

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…A previous study found that PCT levels did not increase in patients with schizophrenia who were taking any antipsychotic medication and treatment doses were equaled with mean (stan-Investigation of the relationship between hemogram parameters and procalcitonin levels in patients with psychiatric diseases dard deviation) 383.1 mg cholorpromazine. The study's explanation for the absence of increased levels of PCT levels in chronic schizophrenia is that most cytokines capable of modulating the transcription process of PCT tend to normalize according to the chronicity of the disease and the use of antipsychotics (de Campos et al 2015).…”

Section: Crp -C-reactive Protein; Wbc -White Blood Cells; Hct -Hemato...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the relationship between hemogram parameters and procalcitonin levels in patients with psychiatric diseases

Karataş¹,

Kilicgedigi²,

Telatar³

et al. 2021

nin

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Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the hemogram parameters and the levels of procalcitonin, serum C-reactive protein, and inflammation in inpatients with psychiatric disorders. Material and methods:The study population consisted of 549 inpatients treated between January 2018 and December 2020. Data were obtained retrospectively from computer records and inpatient files. Only the first hospitalization of each patient was evaluated, and 199 patients were included in the study. The researchers examined the parameters including platelet activation, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, monocyte lymphocyte ratio, platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, platelet lymphocyte ratio, and procalcitonin levels in patients and compared them with findings obtained from a control group. Results: Increased levels of C-reactive protein and decreased levels of platelets were observed in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, and anxiety disorder. Increased platelet distribution width, platelet lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio were observed in patients with schizophrenia. The patients with bipolar disorder had increased mean platelet volume while patients with depressive disorder had an increased monocyte lymphocyte ratio. Procalcitonin levels increased in patients with anxiety disorder and depressive disorder. Discussion: Platelet activity can be an important criterion to investigate the etiopathogenesis underlying the inflammatory process in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, and anxiety disorders. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe a positive correlation between increased monocyte lymphocyte ratio and procalcitonin levels in depressive disorder, and a positive correlation between increased procalcitonin levels and anxiety disorder and depressive disorder.

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Procalcitonin and C - reactive protein as peripheral inflammatory markers in antipsychotic drug-free schizophrenia patients

Varun

Ravikumar

Venkataswamy

et al. 2018

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

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Procalcitonin levels in schizophrenic patients and patients with sepsis

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Role and Perspectives of Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Psychosis: An Economic and Widespread Tool for Assessing the Disease

Role and Perspectives of Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Psychosis: An Economic and Widespread Tool for Assessing the Disease

Investigation of the relationship between hemogram parameters and procalcitonin levels in patients with psychiatric diseases

Procalcitonin and C - reactive protein as peripheral inflammatory markers in antipsychotic drug-free schizophrenia patients

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