Procalcitonin in sepsis and bacterial infections

Chaudhury, Abhijit; Sumant, G.L. Sachin; Jayaprada, R; Kalawat, Usha; Ramana, BV

doi:10.15380/2277-5706.jcsr.13.015

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, PCT is not specific to infections. It rises to a high level in the bacterial infection and elevates during 2-4 hours of injury, reaching a peak within 24 hours, then it returns to normal levels in case of response to treatment within 2-3 days [8]. Many studies have shown that PCT is a vital marker possesses high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of infections injury and follow up of disease progression [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of procalcitonin and presepsin in the septic febrile neutropenia in acute leukemia patients

2021

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Background The source of bacterial infection in neutropenic acute leukemia patients is detected in about 20–30% of cases. Bacterial cultures may require a long incubation period and risk false-positive and false- negative results. Therefore, biomarkers distinguishing septic febrile neutropenia from other etiologies in acute leukemia patients play the important role in patient assessment and treatment planning. This study aims to determine the role of procalcitonin (PCT) and presepsin (PSPN) in infectious complication in comparison to C-reactive protein (CRP) on the first and third day at the onset of febrile neutropenia in patients with acute leukemia. Methods Between June 2018 and February 2019, 60 acute leukemia patients with febrile neutropenia receiving chemotherapy. The 41 acute myeloid leukemia patients and 19 acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients were recruited in this study. Their ages ranged from 14 to 65 years. PCT and PSPN were measured and were compared to CRP at the onset of febrile neutropenia and after 48 hours. 20 patients had a fever of unknown origin (FUO) and 40 patients had a bacterial infection. Findings Our results showed that the values of these markers were higher in patients with infection than patients without. The area under the curve (AUC) of PCT were 0.931 and 0.813 on day one and three respectively, which was the best in determination of infection. The cut-off values of PCT were 1.27 and 1.23 ng/mL and the cut off values of PSPN were 1.75 and 2.9 μg/L in the successive days, their clinical sensitivities were high. PCT and PSPN were capable of distinguishing the cause of febrile neutropenia from the onset of infection and predicting its complications (p<0.05). The PSPN level couldn’t differentiate gram-positive or gram-negative bacterial infection. Significant differences were found between the mean values of the PSPN during the successive days in all patients and patients with bacteremia. This study illustrated a weak positive correlation between PCT and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, the negligible correlation between CRP and SOFA score and no significant correlation between PSPN and SOFA score. Interpretation PCT is an accurate biomarker in identifying infection in acute leukemia patients, its concentration is associated with the severity of bacterial sepsis. PSPN is superior to PCT for follow-up of patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of procalcitonin and presepsin in the septic febrile neutropenia in acute leukemia patients

2021

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“…Procalcitonin is a specific biomarker of bacterial infection [15] and it can be used as a diagnosis, guideline for giving antibiotics, as well as to assess the response to therapy in pneumonia patients [20]. However, could not predict the etiology and is less sensitive to viral infections [21]. Decreased procalcitonin level is good marker of clinical improvement in…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pneumonia and can be used to guide antibiotic discontinuation [21]. Procalcitonin increases 6-12 hours after infection and it will drop once the infection is under control [21].…”

Section: Short Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Zingiber officinale to reduce inflammation markers and the length of stay of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: An open-label clinical trial

Reviono

Hapsari

Sutanto

et al. 2023

Narra J

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Examination of the interleukin 6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin levels, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) might could help to diagnosis and predict the duration of therapy and prognosis of pneumonia cases. Zingiber officinale var rubrum could be used as an adjunct therapy in infectious diseases as it has anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of study was to assess the effect of Z. officinale on levels of IL-6 dan procalcitonin, NLR, and the length of hospitalization of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). An open-label clinical trial was conducted among CAP cases regardless of the etiology at Dr Moewardi Hospital and Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia from July to September 2022. A total of 30 inpatient CAP cases were recruited and were randomly divided into two groups: (1) received Z. officinale capsule 300 mg daily for five days in addition to CAP standard therapy; and (2) received CAP standard therapy only, as control group. The data were compared using a paired Student t-test, Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test as appropriate. In Z. officinale group, the mean difference between post- and pre-treatment as follow: IL-6 level was 9.93 pg/mL, procalcitonin level -471.31 ng/mL, and NLR value -4.01. In control group, the difference was 18.94 pg/mL for IL-6, 339.39 ng/mL for procalcitonin, and 1.56 for NLR. The change of IL-6 was not statistically significant between treatment and control groups with p=0.917. The changes of procalcitonin level and NLR were significant between treatment and control group with p=0.024 and p=0.007, respectively, of which the treatment had better improvement. In addition, our data indicated that the length of stay was not statistically significant between the treatment and control groups (4.13 vs 4.47 days, p=0.361). In conclusion, Z. officinale could reduce serum inflammatory markers such as procalcitonin and NLR but it has little impact in reducing IL-16 level and the length of hospitalization of CAP patients.

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“…Kadar procalcitonin < 0,5 ng/ml menunjukkan kemungkinan infeksi lokal, sedangkan kadar > 0,5 ng/ml menunjukkan kemungkinan infeksi bakteri sistemik. 18 Data ini menunjukkan bahwa pada penderita PPOK eksaserbasi derajat berat (Anthonisen tipe 1), lebih sering disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri dan lebih banyak memerlukan antibiotik dibandingkan derajat sedang dan ringan (Anthonisen tipe 2 dan 3).…”

Section: Diskusiunclassified

Hubungan antara kadar procalcitonin dengan kriteria Anthonisen pada PPOK eksaserbasi akut

Megasari¹,

Ngurah²,

Suryana³

2019

Udayana In. Med.

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Background: COPD exacerbations can be caused by infections and environmental pollutants. One guideline for antibiotic administration in acute exacerbation COPD is in patients with Anthonisen criteria types 1 and 2 based on patients' subjective complaints (increased dyspneu, increased sputum volume and sputum purulence). Procalcitonin (PCT) is an objective and specific marker of bacterial infections that are not affected much by disease condition or steroid drugs that are widely used by COPD patients. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between procalcitonin levels and Anthonisen criteria in acute exacerbation of COPD. Methods: This study used an analytical cross sectional design at Sanglah General Hospital and Wangaya Hospital in March-May 2018. Data analysis used the Bivariate Spearman correlation test, and Kruskal-wallis to determine the median PCT level difference according to Anthonisen type. Result: Total subjects were 43 samples of acute exacerbation COPD patients, with median PCT levels were 0.18 (0.02-47.8) ng/ml. Spearman correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between serum PCT levels and Anthonisen type (r = -0,175, p = 0.26). We also found a significant correlation between Anthonisen criteria with WBC and neutrophil count. After excluding several outliers data, there was a significant difference in median PCT value based on the Anthonisen type. The median PCT was higher in Anthonisen type 1 compared to type 2 and 3 (p = 0.029). Conclusion: there was no relationship between levels of PCT with Anthonisen type but we found significant higher PCT level in Anthonisen type 1 after excluding extreme value.

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Procalcitonin in sepsis and bacterial infections

Cited by 5 publications

References 56 publications

The role of procalcitonin and presepsin in the septic febrile neutropenia in acute leukemia patients

The role of procalcitonin and presepsin in the septic febrile neutropenia in acute leukemia patients

Effectiveness of Zingiber officinale to reduce inflammation markers and the length of stay of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: An open-label clinical trial

Hubungan antara kadar procalcitonin dengan kriteria Anthonisen pada PPOK eksaserbasi akut

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