Procalcitonin, and cytokines document a dynamic inflammatory state in non-infected cirrhotic patients with ascites

Attar, Bashar M.; Moore, Christopher; George, Magdalena; Ion-Nedelcu, N; Turbay, Rafael; Zachariah, Annamma; Ramadori, G.; Fareed, Jawed; Thiel, David H. Van

doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i9.2374

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Previous research has shown that proteins such as calprotectin and procalcitonin can be determined in ascitic fluid. [25][26][27] Ascitic fluid calprotectin allowed fast diagnosis and better prognosis of SBP 25,26 and PCT may differentiate distinct cirrhotic subgroups. 27 In the present study, it is the first time that LBP was investigated in ascites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein is associated with increased mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis

Agiasotelli

Alexopoulou

Vasilieva

et al. 2016

Liver International

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein is associated with increased mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis

Agiasotelli

Alexopoulou

Vasilieva

et al. 2016

Liver International

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“…The recent studies in chronic liver diseases have shown the usefulness of serum PCT determinations for the diagnosis of infections. However, there is no consensus on the optimal PCT cut-off point to explicitly exclude infection in such groups of patients [27,[35][36][37]. A sensitive marker confirming infection in patients with liver cirrhosis is CRP.…”

Section: Chronic Liver Failure (Clf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sensitive marker confirming infection in patients with liver cirrhosis is CRP. Moreover, CRP is a predictive factor for suspecting infection in patients without the symptoms of infection [37]. summAry High PCT concentrations in sepsis are likely to contribute to hepatocyte necrosis, hence liver damage.…”

Section: Chronic Liver Failure (Clf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Procalcitonin in liver dysfunction — Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde?

Woźnica¹,

Łysenko²

2018

Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther

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Serum procalcitonin (PCT) is a sensitive biomarker used for the diagnosis of infection and sepsis. PCT has also some toxic effects. It is not a proinflammatory stimulus, but may augment the inflammatory processes. High levels of PCT in sepsis may lead to hepatocyte necrosis and, as a result, to liver failure. The pathomechanism of the toxic effect of PCT is still unknown. The influence of liver function on PCT levels has not been studied yet. It is not sure whether the liver dysfunction affects the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum PCT levels. In patients with acute liver failure, the usefulness of PCT-level determination remains controversial. Recent studies have shown a potential diagnostic benefit of PCT as a marker of infection in chronic liver diseases. In both groups there is still no consensus on the optimal cut-off value of PCT levels in order to exclude infection. In patients with liver disease, the serum PCT levels should be interpreted with caution, taking into consideration other factors affecting the PCT threshold.

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“…Pros: Ascitic levels may differentiate between cirrhotic subgroups Attar et al [97] Cons: No correlation with HE, conflicting results depending on etiology of liver disease Spahr et al [92] , Elefsiniotis et al [94] , Rahimkhani et al [95] , Villarreal et al [96] ANCAs (IgA) Neutrophils Pros: Associated with ascites and advanced cirrhosis, predicts time to the first infectious complication…”

Section: Bacterial Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A solution has been proposed with the use of an ultra-sensitive PCT assay [87] , and possible explanations for the discrepancies noted between studies include higher baseline levels in patient with alcoholic [94] or specific viral-related [95] causes of cirrhosis and the presence of other bacterial infections [96] . Furthermore, it was reported that PCT levels in the ascitic fluid, but not in serum may differentiate between different cirrhotic subgroups, reflecting a possible localized role in the interplay between ascites and BT [97] . Interestingly, in contrast to calprotectin, PCT has not been found to correlate with the presence of HE, another possible important component of the BT phenotype in cirrhosis.…”

Section: Calprotectin -Procalcitonin -Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of bacterial translocation in end-stage liver disease

Koutsounas¹,

Kaltsa²,

Siakavellas³

et al. 2015

WJH

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Bacterial translocation (BT) refers to the passage of viable bacteria or bacterial products from the intestinal lumen, through the intestinal epithelium, into the systemic circulation and extraintestinal locations. The three principal mechanisms that are thought to be involved in BT include bacterial overgrowth, disruption of the gut mucosal barrier and an impaired host defence.BT is commonly observed in liver cirrhosis and has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the complications of end stage liver disease, including infections as well as hepatic encephalopathy and hepatorenal syndrome. Due to the importance of BT in the natural history of cirrhosis, there is intense interest for the discovery of biomarkers of BT. To date, several such candidates have been proposed, which include bacterial DNA, soluble CD14, lipopolysaccharides endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, calprotectin and procalcitonin. Studies on the association of these markers with BT have demonstrated not only promising data but, oftentimes, contradictory results. As a consequence, currently, there is no optimal marker that may be used in clinical practice as a surrogate for the presence of BT.

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Procalcitonin, and cytokines document a dynamic inflammatory state in non-infected cirrhotic patients with ascites

Abstract: AIM:To quantitate the simultaneous serum and ascitic fluid levels of procalcitonin and inflammatory markers in cirrhotics with and without ascites.

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

High serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein is associated with increased mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis

High serum lipopolysaccharide binding protein is associated with increased mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis

Procalcitonin in liver dysfunction — Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde?

Markers of bacterial translocation in end-stage liver disease

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