Proboscis Lateralis–Like Appendage

Abstract

Proboscis lateralis is a rare craniofacial anomaly characterized by a trunk-like process attached to the medial portion of the orbital roof on the affected side. We report a case, which, though resembling proboscis lateralis in some ways, has certain unique features. This case had an appendage arising from the right malar region with a central tract lined by stratified squamous epithelium. It had erectile properties and was communicating with an enlarged ipsilateral maxillary sinus. Because of these characteristic features it appears to be a new, as yet unreported, facial anomaly.

Surgical and histopathological study of quadruple nostrils in a Holstein calf

“…9 In the present report, the extra nose included one tube-like structure, two openings with mucoid discharge, and nasal cavities that were lined by stratified squamous epithelium and pseudostratified columnar epithelium, in contrast to a classic case of proboscis lateralis, which has a lining of stratified columnar epithelium. 9 Also, microscopically, some of the proboscis lateralis cases similar to this case have muscle, fibrous tissue, nasal cartilage, submucosal glands and blood vessels. 10 Nevertheless, the aetiology of proboscis lateralis is unclear, and cause of this abnormality in this Holstein heifer calf remains unknown.…”

Proboscis Lateralis With Choanal Atresia

“…It is estimated that the incidence of this condition oscillates between 1/100,000 and 1/1,000,000 live births, 4 presenting a greater predisposition in male neonates than in females with a 3:1 ratio 7 . It has no geographic, racial, or laterality tendencies 2 .…”

“…It is estimated that the incidence of this condition oscillates between 1/100,000 and 1/1,000,000 live births, 4 presenting a greater predisposition in male neonates than in females with a 3:1 ratio. 7 It has no geographic, racial, or laterality tendencies. 2 The etiology of this disease is unclear; cases generally occur sporadically, and the only risk factor that has been described is parental consanguinity.…”

Proboscis lateralis: A case report of a rare giant craniofacial teratoma in an infant

“…One phenotype of craniofacial teratoma is proboscis lateralis, which can have both intracranial and extracranial malformations [ 11 , 12 ]. Craniofacial teratomas are usually diagnosed prenatally by routine fetal ultrasonography [ 2 , 8 ]. Polyhydroamnios is classically a proxy sign that craniofacial malformations are present.…”

“…Proboscis lateralis is an abnormal facial growth that can occur in humans [ 1 ]. It is a relatively rare congenital facial malformation, in which an anterior “trunk-like” structure projects from the midline face and forehead [ 2 ]. Multiple syndromes have been described as associated with this facial deformity, including trisomy 13, holoprosencephaly, cebocephaly, ethmocephaly, and (rarely) cyclopia [ 1 , 3 ].…”