Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire

Psychometric validation of the Turkish nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short Form (IGDS9-SF)

“…These six criteria (preoccupation, tolerance, withdrawal, persistence, escape, and problems) can also be found among the proposed criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the latest (fifth) edition of the DSM (DSM-5) (APA, 2013; Petry et al, 2013). In addition to these six criteria, the DSM-5 included three other criteria defining video game addiction: deception (Demetrovics et al, 2012;Gentile et al, 2011), displacement ( Huang et al, 2007;Rehbein et al, 2010) and conflict (Lemmens et al, 2009). According to the DSM-5, IGD is clinically characterized by a "persistent and recurrent use of the Internet to engage in games, often with other players, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress" (APA, 2013), whereas prevalence rates of IGD has been 4 found to range from 0.6% to 5.4% around the world (Király et al, 2015;Rehbein et al, 2015).…”

“…Although IGD is not yet recognized as an official clinical entity by the APA (Petry et al, 2013), several new promising psychometric tools covering the nine IGD criteria have been developed following the initial inclusion of this condition by the APA in the DSM-5 (APA, 2013;Demetrovics et al, 2012;Huang et al, 2007;Király et al, 2017;Lemmens et al, 2015;Petry et al, 2013;Petry et al, 2014;Pontes and Griffiths, 2015;Rehbein et al, 2010). A recent mini-review on the psychometric assessment of IGD identified several instruments assessing IGD according to the diagnostic criteria developed by the APA in the DSM-5 (APA, 2013 ;Pontes, 2016); the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS; Lemmens et al, 2015), the Internet Gaming Disorder Test , the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short-Form (IGDS9-SF; Pontes and Griffiths, 5 2015), the 10-item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (Király et al, 2017), the updated Clinical Video game Addiction Test (van Rooij et al, 2017) and the Video Game Dependency Scale (Rehbein et al, 2015).…”

Massively multiplayer online game addiction: Instrument development and validation

“…As concerns grow about the negative consequences, MMOG addiction has become a critical societal challenge and has received increasing attention from the scientific community [4][5][6]. However, research on MMOG addiction has been hindered by a present lack of consensus and consistency on instruments, highlighting the need for developing and validating an instrument that captures the breadth and complexity of MMOG addiction, as well as provides a consistent and solid foundation for diagnosis and assessment of MMOG addiction.…”

“…Most of the prior studies on MMOG addiction have concentrated on examining risk factors [e.g., 1], and on understanding diagnoses, symptoms management and treatment strategies [e.g., 6]. There have been a considerable number of studies on the dimensions and scale of MMOG addiction [e.g., 4,18], however the conceptualization and scale development across these studies has been inconsistent and ambiguous.…”

“…These studies attempted to identify the relationship between MMOG addiction and its antecedent variables. As shown in Table 1, most researchers have adopted a multidimensional view of MMOG addiction to best capture the breadth and complexity of the construct [e.g., 4,18,23,24]. However, the existing multidimensional scales on MMOG addiction suffer from several limitations, such as a lack of vigorous instrument development and validation processes, overlapping dimensions, and missing key dimensions [4,25].…”