Probiotics in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases

Abstract

The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the initiation and perpetuation of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). As such, there is a strong rationale to use agents such as probiotics to modulate the gut microbiome as a treatment strategy for these disorders. Furthermore, the potential toxicities of current IBD therapies make probiotics attractive medications for patients and physicians. However, although much attention is being placed on probiotic therapy, relatively few well-designed trials have evaluated its efficacy in the management of IBD, particularly in the pediatric population. This article examines the currently available published trials studying probiotics for the treatment of IBD, with particular emphasis on their role in pediatric IBD patients.

Matcha Green Tea: Chemical Composition, Phenolic Acids, Caffeine and Fatty Acid Profile

“…Additional benefits of fibre consumption include improved bowel function, fermentability by the gut microbiota and attenuation of the blood glucose and cholesterol levels [29]. The physiological effects of dietary fibre can be attributed to its chemical and physical qualities, such as viscosity, degradability, molecular weight, particle size, cation exchange properties and water retention capacity [30,31]. There is a strong correlation between the prevalence of chronic diseases, the health status of the population and the consumption of fibre-rich cereal products.…”

An update on the biological characteristics and functions of tuft cells in the gut

“…Blocking the p40 subunit shared by IL-12 and IL-23 was shown to induce colitis, leading to the conclusion that both the IL-12/Th1 and IL-23/Th17 axis may be implicated in the pathophysiology of CD and UC. ( Gulati and Dubinsky, 2009 ; Strober and Fuss, 2011 ; Chang, 2020 ).…”

Loss of response to biologics versus increased risk of lymphoma in children with inflammatory bowel disease: the clinician’s conundrum

“…Dysbiosis, characterized by a reduction in bacterial diversity and an altered ratio of beneficial and deleterious bacterial species in the enteric microbiome, may play a key role in the development of chronic intestinal inflammation [27,28]. Furthermore, the human diet and possibly antibiotic exposure early in life may alter enteric bacterial composition and related gene expression and metabolic activity [29][30][31][32][33].…”