Probiotics during weaning: a follow-up study on effects on body composition and metabolic markers at school age

Videhult, Frida Karlsson; Öhlund, Inger; Stenlund, Hans; Hernell, Olle; West, Christina

doi:10.1007/s00394-014-0715-y

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Apart from the knowledge that human milk, containing naturally occurring pre‐ and probiotics, is protective against metabolic disturbances later in life,, there is only 1 study with a prevention paradigm, showing that early probiotic supplementation in pregnant mothers and infants for 6 months supports healthy growth in infants up to 4 years of age, which is consistent with our findings. Another probiotic intervention in infants during weaning (at 4‐13 months of age) resulted in no beneficial effect on growth and metabolic parameters, indicating the importance of the timing for effectiveness of dietary supplements. In a treatment setting, however, there is substantial evidence that pre‐ and synbiotics can improve metabolic disorders and support weight loss …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific synbiotics in early life protect against diet‐induced obesity in adult mice

Mischke

Arora

Tims

et al. 2018

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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AimsThe metabolic state of human adults is associated with their gut microbiome. The symbiosis between host and microbiome is initiated at birth, and early life microbiome perturbation can disturb health throughout life. Here, we determined how beneficial microbiome interventions in early life affect metabolic health in adulthood.MethodsPostnatal diets were supplemented with either prebiotics (scGOS/lcFOS) or synbiotics (scGOS/lcFOS with Bifidobacterium breve M‐16 V) until post‐natal (PN) day 42 in a well‐established rodent model for nutritional programming. Mice were subsequently challenged with a high‐fat Western‐style diet (WSD) for 8 weeks. Body weight and composition were monitored, as was gut microbiota composition at PN21, 42 and 98. Markers of glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism and host transcriptomics of 6 target tissues were determined in adulthood (PN98).ResultsEarly life synbiotics protected mice against WSD‐induced excessive fat accumulation throughout life, replicable in 2 independent European animal facilities. Adult insulin sensitivity and dyslipidaemia were improved and most pronounced changes in gene expression were observed in the ileum. We observed subtle changes in faecal microbiota composition, both in early life and in adulthood, including increased abundance of Bifidobacterium. Microbiota transplantation using samples collected from synbiotics‐supplemented adolescent mice at PN42 to age‐matched germ‐free recipients did not transfer the beneficial phenotype, indicating that synbiotics‐modified microbiota at PN42 is not sufficient to transfer long‐lasting protection of metabolic health status.ConclusionTogether, these findings show the potential and importance of timing of synbiotic interventions in early life during crucial microbiota development as a preventive measure to lower the risk of obesity and improve metabolic health throughout life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific synbiotics in early life protect against diet‐induced obesity in adult mice

Mischke

Arora

Tims

et al. 2018

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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“…Karlsson et al evaluated cereal supplementation with the probiotic strain L. paracasei ssp. of four-month old infants for six months during weaning from breast-feeding [ 90 ]. Randomization to probiotic supplementation did not change the BMI-z score of infants between four and 13 months of age, or at follow-up seven to eight years later.…”

Section: Dietary Manipulation Of the Infant Gut Microbiota In Prevmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Infant Gut Microbiome: Evidence for Obesity Risk and Dietary Intervention

2015

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Increasing globally, particularly in children, obesity is a serious public health issue and risk factor for overweight and metabolic disease in later life. Both in experimental animal and human studies, advances in gene sequencing technologies have yielded intriguing possibilities for the role of the gut microbiome in later development of overweight status. Before translating study findings into practice, we must first reconcile inconsistencies between animal experimentation, and human adult and infant studies. Recent evidence for associations with gut microbiota and infant weight gain or child weight status, implicate Bacteroides and Lactobacillus species. Dietary manipulation with human milk and pre/probiotic formulations holds promise for preventing obesity.

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“…Several studies indicate that prebiotics may be effective in decreasing the rate of overall infections in infants (Lohner et al, 2014) and that maternal probiotic supplementation may decrease the incidence of NEC in breastfed preterm babies (Benor et al, 2014). However, there is still a need for long-term follow-up of initiated probiotic studies to assess the impact of early life interventions for late efficacy (Videhult et al, 2014). Therefore, the selection of probiotics and prebiotics included in tailor-made foods for human populations at extreme ages of life and targeting well defined microbiota alterations, is a key future action (Aggett et al, 2003; Adlerberth and Wold, 2009; Duncan and Flint, 2013).…”

Section: Integrated Perspective and Future Trends Of The Human Intestmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human intestinal microbiome at extreme ages of life. Dietary intervention as a way to counteract alterations

et al. 2014

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The intestinal microbiome is defined as the assembly of genomes from microorganisms inhabiting the gut. This microbial ecosystem regulates important functions of the host and its correct composition and functionality is essential for a “healthy status.” Metagenomic studies have highlighted variations of the intestinal microbiota as a function of age and diet. Colonization of the infant gut starts at birth and is influenced by feeding habits (formula vs. breast-feeding), birth mode and antibiotic exposure. The intestinal microbiota of full-term vaginally delivered breast-fed infants is considered the gold-standard, representing the reference for studies of alterations in other pediatric populations. At 2–3 years of age, the intestinal microbiota reaches a composition similar to adults, remaining without noticeable variations until senescence, when microbial instability and changes reappear. Here we summarize the current knowledge on intestinal microbiota alterations at extreme stages of life and tools for designing differentiated nutritional strategies by the use of probiotics, prebiotics and specific nutrients in order to restore a balanced microbiota and to improve immune and nutritional status.

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Probiotics during weaning: a follow-up study on effects on body composition and metabolic markers at school age

Abstract: Feeding LF19 during infancy did not modulate body composition, growth or any of the assessed metabolic markers at school age. The steady increase in probiotic products targeting infants and children calls for long-term follow-up of initiated probiotic intervention studies.

Cited by 36 publications

References 44 publications

Specific synbiotics in early life protect against diet‐induced obesity in adult mice

Specific synbiotics in early life protect against diet‐induced obesity in adult mice

The Infant Gut Microbiome: Evidence for Obesity Risk and Dietary Intervention

The human intestinal microbiome at extreme ages of life. Dietary intervention as a way to counteract alterations

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