Probiotics as environmental performance enhancers in the production of white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) larvae

Isolation and Characterization of Cellulolytic Marine Bacteria for Litopenaeus Vannamei Aquaculture Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Carbon Source

“…3.3. Screening of the safe cellulolytic marine bacteria for L. vannamei aquaculture For the aquaculture of L. vannamei, the use of probiotics as a group of live bacteria that added directly to water has bene cial effects on organisms in culture, such as water bioremediation, improvement of digestion, intensi cation of the immune response, and inhibition of the growth of pathogenic bacteria [61]. FAO has suggested the use of probiotics as a major means for the improvement of aquatic environmental quality [62].…”

“…Although high-density aquaculture can bring high pro ts, the accumulation of high-protein bait and excrement will aggravate the deterioration of the aquaculture water [4]. Residual bait and feces are the main sources of nitrogen and phosphorus during the pressing of aquaculture, while the relative lack of carbon will lead to water deterioration [3,[11][12][13][14]. However, the high cost of adding carbon source arti cially limits its application of largescale popularization.…”

“…In recent years, a large amount of nitrogen and bait remained in the aquaculture system couldn't be used in the process of L. vannamei aquaculture, and then the accumulated biological excreta and inedible feed in the aquatic environment will be decomposed into high concentrations of nitrogen compounds, such as ammonia and nitrite [11][12][13]. The increase of total nitrogen content in water leads to the decrease of C/N ratio and the lack of carbon content, which makes it di cult for microorganisms to survive and inhibit the assimilation of heterotrophic microorganisms [3,14]. Ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen will decrease with the increase of C/N, and the denitrogen rate of bacteria will furtherly increase with the increase of C/N [15].…”

The use of probiotics in larval whiteleg shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) production: A marginal analysis of bioeconomic feasibility

“…Bacteria are also able to colonize the gut microbiota and induce improvement in the immune response (Hoseinifar et al., 2018). As a technological benefit, probiotics improve water quality by reducing ammonia, which in turn decreases the energy demands associated with production (Peñalosa‐Martinell, Vela‐Magaña, Ponce‐Díaz, & Araneda‐Padilla, 2020). Probiotics also offer environmental benefits including a reduction in CO 2 emissions and effluents discharged to the natural environment (Peñalosa‐Martinell et al., 2020), as well as a decrease in the use of antibiotics (Hoseinifar et al., 2018); the latter has had a positive social impact as their use in aquaculture has been associated with human health risk (Mo, Chen, Leung, & Leung, 2017; Limbu et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2017).…”

“…The costs associated with the implementation of probiotics are significantly higher than those associated to energy savings. However, a comprehensive analysis should be performed on the profitability of this biotechnology (Peñalosa‐Martinell et al., 2020) to include the probiotic effect on larval survival since an increase in survival—combined with the effect on energy savings—could lead to a reduction in average unit costs, thereby increasing economic performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to answer the following research questions: Is it profitable to use probiotics in larval whiteleg shrimp production?…”