Probiotics: A Promising Role in Dental Health

Mahasneh, Sari A.; Mahasneh, Adel M.

doi:10.3390/dj5040026

Cited by 74 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Although mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine, gluconate or cetylpyridinum chloride reduce the growth of oral bacteria, bacteria embedded in biofilms are more resistant to a mouthwash than those in the planktonic state (Masadeh et al ). Thus, probiotics are a promising alternative for treating dental biofilms and plaques (Mahasneh and Mahasneh ). Nevertheless, further studies are required to investigate the clearance or reduction of oral biofilms by AP‐32, ET‐66, CT‐53 and CP‐9.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, various antibiotics, mouthwashes and dental gels are used to treat these oral diseases (Arteagoitia et al ; Haque et al ), however, multiple antibiotic‐resistant oral pathogens can arise due to the abuse of these drugs. Therefore, using probiotics to control the growth of oral pathogens and maintain the stability of the oral microbiota is a promising option for preventing antibiotic resistance when treating oral diseases (Mahasneh and Mahasneh ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial activity of viable and heat‐killed probiotic strains against oral pathogens

Chen

Hsieh

et al. 2020

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Probiotics can stabilize gut flora, regulate intestinal immunity and protect the host from enteric diseases; however, their roles in oral health have received little attention compared to their roles in gut health. Nowadays, the prevalence of sugar‐sweetened foods and abuse of antibiotics contribute towards dysbiosis of oral microbiota and drug resistance development in oral pathogens, resulting in various intractable oral diseases. We screened the antibacterial activities of viable and heat‐killed probiotic strains against the oral pathogens Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The probiotic strains Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius AP‐32, L. rhamnosus CT‐53, L. paracasei ET‐66 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CP‐9 displayed strong antipathogenic activities, whereas heat‐killed AP‐32, CT‐53 and ET‐66 displayed high levels of pathogen inhibition. The antibacterial activities of these probiotics were not associated with their H2O2 production; L. acidophilus TYCA02 produced high levels of H2O2 but merely exhibited moderate antibacterial activities. Oral tablets containing probiotics showed positive inhibitory effects against oral pathogens, particularly those containing viable probiotics. Our results indicate that probiotics prevent the growth of oral pathogens and improve oral health, providing insights into the antipathogenic efficacy of different probiotic species and their potential role in functional foods that improve oral health. Significance and Impact of the Study Our study provides insights into the antipathogenic efficacy of different probiotic species and their potential roles in developing functional foods to improve oral health. We showed that the probiotic strains Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius AP‐32, L. rhamnosus CT‐53, L. paracasei ET‐66 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CP‐9 have great potential for use in the development of functional foods to improve oral health. Since active probiotics may provide strong and long‐term protection, the development of functional food products should favour the use of viable bacteria.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of viable and heat‐killed probiotic strains against oral pathogens

Chen

Hsieh

et al. 2020

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…The use of oral probiotics to modulate host immune responses and microbial interactions through antagonism and co-aggregation is a promising mechanism to improve oral health 34 . However, these beneficial properties require further optimisation and exploitation before oral probiotics are clinically recommended as a complementary approach to improve post-radiotherapy oral health for head and neck cancer patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius M18 on head and neck cancer patients post-radiotherapy: a pilot study

Vesty

Gear

Boutell

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Xerostomia detrimentally affects the oral health of many head and neck cancer patients who undergo radiotherapy. Its sequelae become an ongoing burden for patients that often manifest as periodontal disease and dental decay. Bacteria play a major role in the pathogenesis of these conditions and here we explore the use of an oral probiotic to beneficially modulate the oral bacterial community postradiotherapy. In this pilot study, a four-week intervention with oral probiotic lozenges containing Streptococcus salivarius M18 was trialled in seven patients. Post-intervention changes in oral health and in the composition of the plaque and saliva bacterial communities were compared with six patients in a placebo group. An improvement in periodontal screening and plaque index scores was observed in both groups after the intervention period. The oral probiotic lozenges did not significantly impact bacterial community composition or diversity, nor did the probiotic lozenges increase the relative sequence abundance of ZOTU_1 (the probiotic-associated sequence assigned to S. salivarius) detected in the samples. Network analyses suggest negative interactions occurred between ZOTU_1 and species from the periopathogenic genera Campylobacter, Fretibacterium, Selenomonas and Treponema but further investigation is required to more fully understand the beneficial properties of this oral probiotic. Head and neck cancer describes a group of malignant tumours that often require radiotherapy as part of the treatment approach. Due to the close proximity of the salivary glands to the radiation portal, many head and neck cancer patients sustain permanent radiation-induced damage to the salivary glands during radiotherapy 1,2. Subsequently, salivary gland function is reduced, resulting in chronic hyposalivation and xerostomia (dry mouth) that causes considerable discomfort, compromises mastication and speech, increases the risk of oral health complications and decreases the quality of life for many patients 1,3,4. Hyposalivation and loss of salivary buffering capacity lead to a decrease in the pH of saliva and a shift to acidogenic and cariogenic bacteria, including an increase the in abundance of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp. 5-7. These effects, combined with a decrease in the mechanical flushing mechanism of saliva to reduce plaque build-up, leave patients prone to post-radiotherapy gingivitis, periodontal disease and rampant dental decay 2,3,8. Oral probiotics, primarily those containing lactobacilli, have been successfully shown to decrease the abundance of periopathogens in sub-and supra-gingival plaque, significantly improve plaque index and periodontal

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“…The growing utilization of probiotics in maintaining the oral health is of current thrust area of research [142]. These microbial populations are well adapted for the oral environmental conditions that lead to their effective colonization and growth in mouth that inhibits the oral pathogens.…”

Section: Role Of Metabiotics In Oral Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabiotics: The Functional Metabolic Signatures of Probiotics: Current State-of-Art and Future Research Priorities—Metabiotics: Probiotics Effector Molecules

Singh¹,

Vishwakarma²,

Singhal³

2018

ABB

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The intricate "orchestered molecular conversation" between the host and gut microbiome is one of the most dynamic research areas in recent years. The rhythmic chemical cross talk in the form of bioactive metabolites and signalling molecules synthesized by gut microbiome plays a significant role for the modulation of human health in diversified ways. They are recognized as low molecular weight (LMW) molecules having versatile chemical attributes. They possess magnificent capability of interacting with surrounding environment and controlling the genes for various genetic, biochemical and physiological functions for maintaining the homeostasis that is now-a-days termed as "small molecules microbes originated (SMOM) homeostasis" in the host. These metabolic signatures have close structural and functional resemblance with small molecules synthesized by host eukaryotic cells and dietary components. Therefore, they may be considered as universalized metabolites contributing to the remarkable phenomenon of epigenetic regulation, cell to cell communication and stability of genome manifesting the overall growth and development of the host and known as "metabiotics". The wide panorama of utilization of probiotics is continuously expanding and conferring the major health benefits through metabiotic components are gaining tremendous momentum therefore recognized as "hidden soldiers" of the body. Therefore firstly, we outline the need and types of metabiotic molecules and depicting their role in human health. Then, we summarize their preventive and therapeutic avenues in various diseases and finally, we propose the current technological interventions, bottlenecks and future perspectives in this field that are implied for accelerating their comprehensive understanding and utilization at industrial scale.

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Probiotics: A Promising Role in Dental Health

Cited by 74 publications

References 94 publications

Antibacterial activity of viable and heat‐killed probiotic strains against oral pathogens

Antibacterial activity of viable and heat‐killed probiotic strains against oral pathogens

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius M18 on head and neck cancer patients post-radiotherapy: a pilot study

Metabiotics: The Functional Metabolic Signatures of Probiotics: Current State-of-Art and Future Research Priorities—Metabiotics: Probiotics Effector Molecules

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