Probiotic therapy reduces inflammation and improves intestinal morphology in rats with induced oral mucositis

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of systemic administration of probiotics (PROB) on the progression of experimentally induced oral and intestinal mucositis in rats immunosuppressed by chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil: 5-FU). Twenty-four rats were divided into the following groups (n=6): GC (control), GPROB, G5FU and G5-FU/PROB. Groups GPROB and G5-FU/PROB received 1 g of probiotic incorporated into each 100 g of feed (Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacilllus acidophilus), beginning 30 days before oral mucositis induction. Groups G5FU and G5-FU/PROB received 60 mg/kg of 5-FU on days 0 and 2. The left oral mucosa of each animal was irritated by mechanical trauma (days 1 and 2). On days 3 and 7, three animals from each group were sacrificed, and their oral mucosa and small intestine were biopsied and processed for histopathological analysis. Groups G5-FU and G5-FU/PROB showed ulcerated oral lesions at day 3, with progression in group G5-FU and regression in group G5-FU/PROB at day 7. Histologically, less severe signs of inflammation in the oral mucosa were observed in group G5-FU/PROB than in group G5-FU. Regarding the intestine, villus-related defects of lesser magnitude were observed in group G5-FU/PROB, compared with group G5-FU. Group GPROB showed greater villus height than group GC. It can be concluded that probiotic supplementation reduced oral and intestinal inflammation in immunosuppressed rats with experimentally induced mucositis, and may protect the intestine from changes induced by chemotherapy, thus contributing to overall health.

Protective Effect of Cashew Gum (Anacardium occidentale L.) on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis

“…In this study, we showed that CG 60mg/kg decreased 5-FU-induced weight loss in mice, instead of the other CG doses which the loss weight was irreversible. Studies with probiotics and olmesartan showed that doses of these drugs were considered effective in reversing the harmful effects promoted by chemotherapy in mucositis model, after evaluation of histopathological parameters and inflammatory markers, however they were not effective in reverse weight loss as presented in ours studies [32,33].…”

A Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial and Mechanistic Studies Using Improved Probiotics to Prevent Oral Mucositis Induced by Concurrent Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

“…Probiotics, such as L. lactis and B. longum, were expected to be useful for intestinal inflammation and OM (62,63). A recent study also demonstrated that a mix of Bacillus subtilis (2.9 × 10 8 CFU/g), B. bifidum (2.0 × 10 8 CFU/g), E. faecium (2.1 × 10 8 CFU/g), and L. acidophilus (1.0 × 10 8 CFU/g) reduced the histological severity of intestinal mucositis and OM in rats treated with chemotherapy (64). Probiotic-based treatments have proven to be beneficial for chemotherapy-or radiotherapy-induced mucositis, possibly by regulating the microbiome and inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokines (65,66).…”

Combined Lowering Effects of Rosuvastatin and L. acidophilus on Cholesterol Levels in Rat

“…Upon induction of hypercholesterolemia, where serum cholesterol levels doubled in comparison to their initial serum cholesterol levels, they were then divided randomly into four groups of ten rats each: (A) the HFD control group, 2 ml/d phosphate buffer saline (PBS; 0.01 M; pH 7.4); (B) the rosuvastatin group, 2 ml/d PBS containing rosuvastatin (AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. SFDA approval No. J20120006) (10 mg/kg) (C) the L. acidophilus group, 2 ml/d PBS containing L. acidophilus at the standard concentration of 10 9 CFU/ml [28][29][30]; and (D) the rosuvastatin + L. acidophilus group, 2 ml PBS containing rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg and L. acidophilus 10 9 cfu/ml). All four groups received their respective PBS solution intragastrically, and all groups had free access to HFD and water ad libitum for four weeks.…”