Probing the frictional properties of soft materials at the nanoscale

Liamas, Evangelos; Connell, Simon D.; Ramakrishna, Shivaprakash N.; Sarkar, Anwesha

doi:10.1039/c9nr07084b

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…Due to the observed adhesion and low modulus the retracting F-d curves were fitted with the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) contact mechanics model (see Experimental section) to calculate the Young's modulus (E) of the PDMS samples. 16 The JKR model in particular accounts for changes in contact area due to deformation and adhesion. As can be seen in the resulting Young's modulus versus indentation graph in Fig.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Fabricated Pdms Substrates With Varyimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The retracting part of the F-d curve was also fitted with a JKR model, since PDMS is a soft and deformable material with high adhesion, to calculate the Young's modulus using Bruker Nanoscope Analysis v1.9. The JKR equation calculates the contact area (A) using eqn (2): 16 A…”

Section: Force Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 Although these studies provide a great deal of knowledge regarding the frictional properties of these systems, it is necessary to realize that friction at a smaller scale can differ significantly from the macroscale. 16 Particularly at the nanoscale, the interface can shift from multi-asperity to single asperity contact, while adhesion between interfaces plays a major role in friction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Friction between soft contacts at nanoscale on uncoated and protein-coated surfaces

et al. 2021

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Section: Characteristics Of the Fabricated Pdms Substrates With Varyimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Force Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Friction between soft contacts at nanoscale on uncoated and protein-coated surfaces

et al. 2021

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“…Because most biological contact occurs at the nanoscale, researchers find immense interest to understand the frictional behavior of hydrogels at the nanoscale [53,54]. The friction of hard probe-hydrogel contact at the nanoscale largely depends on the geometry of the contact, adhesive contact interaction, contact deformation, and ambient conditions [55]. High surface roughness on the hard probe increases the real contact area with soft hydrogels [56].…”

Section: Scale-dependent Frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The white triangles mark the surface profile [39]. Reproduced with permission from Elsevier [91] was a watershed event as it has allowed direct characterization of mechanical surface properties [92][93][94][95], validated non-in situ tribological measurement techniques [53,55,[96][97][98][99][100], and aided in the development of test devices using soft materials [101][102][103][104][105]. Nanoscale measurements using AFM and bulk measurements using rheology remain effective ways to ascertain physical properties of hydrogels at their respective scales [106][107][108][109][110][111][112].…”

Section: Updated Testing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Friction and Lubrication with High Water Content Crosslinked Hydrogels

et al. 2020

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As soft aqueous hydrogels have moved from new materials to the basis for real engineered devices in the last 20 years, their surface friction and lubrication are emerging as critical aspects of their function. The flexibility to alter and augment their mechanical and surface properties through control of the crosslinked 3D polymer networks has produced materials with diverse surface behaviors, even with the relatively simple composition of a single monomer and crosslink chemistry. Correspondingly with new understandings of the bulk behavior of hydrogels has been the identification of the mechanisms that govern the lubricity and frictional response under dynamic sliding conditions. Here we review these efforts, closely examining and identifying the internal and external influences that drive tribological response in high water content crosslinked hydrogels. The roles of surface structure, elasticity, contact response, charge, water interaction and water flow are addressed here as well as current synthesis and testing methods. We also collect open questions as well as the future needs to fully understand and exploit the surface properties of hydrogels for sliding performance.

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Integrated Perspective of Scaffold Designing and Multiscale Mechanics in Cardiac Bioengineering

Lou

Lopez

Nautiyal

et al. 2021

Advanced NanoBiomed Research

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According to a World Health Organization (WHO) report in 2017, [1] cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the foremost cause of mortality, with 85% attributed to stroke and heart attack (or myocardial infarction [MI]) worldwide. The 2019 American Heart Association report [2] indicates that CVD is the leading lethal disease in the U.S., with 840 768 deaths in 2016. There is one new MI case in the U.S. every 40 s, contributing to about $351 billion in costs in 2014À2015. [2] MI gradually develops and deteriorates into inflammation, apoptosis, and inelastic fibrous scar, eventually leading to congestive heart failure (CHF). [3] Due to cardiomyocytes' (CMs) limited regeneration and proliferation ability, the effective long-term MI and CHF treatment is transplantation. There were over 3500 candidates on the heart transplant waiting list by the end of 2020, according to the national data [4] from the USA. Department of Health and Human Services. Shortage of organ donation sources, organ storage and maintenance, and post-transplantation immunologic rejection are tricky issues that are difficult to solve. Reconstruction of cardiac tissue using 3D scaffold or scaffold-free techniques has emerged as a promising alternative treatment approach.Cardiac bioengineering aims to investigate or rebuild illfunctioning myocardium tissues via CMs, scaffold-free cell sheet substrates, and implantable cell-seeded scaffolds. [3] Scaffold-free approaches include miRNA clusters, [5] spheroid models, [6] scaffold-free multiple-component cell cultures, [3,7] injectable hydrogels, [8] and organ on a chip. [9] These strategies permit direct delivery of cells or cell composites to infarcted myocardium and enable thick 3D tissue patch implantation with enhanced cell engraftment capacity. Some scaffold-free approaches can also be exploited in in vitro pathological cardiac models or ex vivo platforms for new therapy efficacy and cardiotoxicity evaluation. [6,7,9] Unlike scaffold-free pathways, cardiac scaffolds provide mechanical support to the myocardium, establish contractility/pumping, and lessen myocardial dilation and myocardial wall stress. [3] Meanwhile, significant progress has been made in stem cellderived CM tissue preparation; [10][11][12] scaffold and extracellular matrix (ECM) construction; [13][14][15][16][17] scaffold-free in situ injectable pathway development; [5][6][7]9] cell seeding, proliferation, and viabil-

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Probing the frictional properties of soft materials at the nanoscale

Abstract: A knowledge gap exists in understanding nanoscale friction in soft–soft contacts with modulus <100 MPa, relevant to most biological interfaces.

Cited by 37 publications

References 145 publications

Friction between soft contacts at nanoscale on uncoated and protein-coated surfaces

Friction between soft contacts at nanoscale on uncoated and protein-coated surfaces

Review: Friction and Lubrication with High Water Content Crosslinked Hydrogels

Integrated Perspective of Scaffold Designing and Multiscale Mechanics in Cardiac Bioengineering

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