Probing differentiation in cancer cell lines by single-cell micro-Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

Abstract. Single-cell micro-Raman spectroscopy has been applied to explore cell differentiation in single, live, and malignant cells from two tumor cell lines. The spectra of differentiated cells exhibit substantial enhancement primarily in the intensities of protein peaks with concomitant decrease in intensities of O─P─O asymmetric stretching peaks in DNA/RNA. Principal component analyses show that the spectral score of differentiated cells tends to asymptotically approach that of spectra obtained from normal neural stem cells/progenitors. This lends credence to the notion that the observed spectral changes are specific to differentiation, since upon differentiation, malignant cells become less malignant and tend toward benignity. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

A laser Raman tweezers study of eryptosis

“…Baseline correction or background removal was done using asymmetric least squares smoothing method . Normalisation of spectra was done using vector normalisation method .…”

“…[37] 2.3 | Processing of the spectra Baseline correction or background removal was done using asymmetric least squares smoothing method. [29] Normalisation of spectra was done using vector normalisation method. [29,48] In this method, mean-centred spectra are divided by square root of the sum of the squared mean-centred intensities so that the sum of the squared intensity values of the spectrum will be equal to 1.…”

“…This method involves detection of phosphatidylserine by staining with a fluorescent conjugate of annexin V, followed by flow cytometry or florescence microscopy analysis . Spectroscopy techniques such as Raman spectroscopy may provide a simpler way to analyse the cellular changes without external labelling . Raman spectroscopy measurements have been used for detection and monitoring of different blood‐related disorders .…”

“…[28] Spectroscopy techniques such as Raman spectroscopy may provide a simpler way to analyse the cellular changes without external labelling. [29][30][31][32] Raman spectroscopy measurements have been used for detection and monitoring of different blood-related disorders. [33][34][35] Raman spectroscopy combined with optical tweezers-a technique for trapping micron-sized particles-provides a sophisticated way to monitor the biomolecules inside live cells.…”

Raman spectroscopy: techniques and applications in the life sciences

“…This has helped researchers learn the chemical differences associated with immune cell activation [476], lung cancer [477], and different types of cell death [478]. PCA has also been used to study the chemical changes associated with processes such as the cell division cycle [479] and differentiation into cancer [480].…”