Probable disseminated BCG infection in a 10-month-old child after BCG vaccination

Zaiem, Ahmed; Ferjani, Senda El; Lakhoua, Ghozlane; Sahnoun, R.; Badri, Talel; Kastalli, Sarrah; Daghfous, Riadh; Lakhal, Mohamed; Aidli, Sihem El

doi:10.4161/hv.28913

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…All children with tuberculid after BCG were reported to be previously healthy. On the other hand, disseminated BCG infection, which we need to distinguish from tuberculid, often appears under the impaired immune system 23 . The patients' age were 3, 6, 6, 8, 9, 9 month-old, 2 and 7 year-old, respectively 8-10,20-22,24,25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two infants with tuberculid associated with Kawasaki disease

Yamada

Ohta

Hasegawa

et al. 2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Bacille de Calmette et Guerin (BCG) is the only licensed tuberculosis vaccine to prevent severe tuberculosis. The adverse events of BCG vaccination, including local reactions, lymphadenitis, osteomyelitis, tuberculid, and disseminated infection, have been reported. Two infants presented erythema at the inoculation site of BCG after the resolution of Kawasaki disease (KD). They received BCG vaccination 1 week and 6 weeks before the KD onset, respectively. Intravenous immunoglobulin improved the KD activity, however the skin rash of BCG inoculation site extended to the face and extremities days 24 and 10 after the KD onset, respectively. Both bacteriological study and interferon-γ release assay were negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. These patients were diagnosed as having tuberculid after KD. The skin lesions gradually disappeared without antibiotic therapy over 2 months. The development of tuberculid in these patients might be associated with the remnant immune activation of KD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two infants with tuberculid associated with Kawasaki disease

Yamada

Ohta

Hasegawa

et al. 2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Local or systemic side effects due to primary BCG vaccination are relatively uncommon, and are mostly seen in cases of overdose, fortuitous revaccination or poor injection techniques. Only a few cases have been reported in the literature (Cuchet et al, 2004;Diniz et al, 2014;Lussier et al, 1999;Murphy et al, 1989;Okazaki et al, 2005;Zaïem et al, 2014). In Italy, because the general population is at low risk for acquiring tuberculosis infection, BCG vaccination for the entire population is not presently recommended.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of abscess after BCG vaccine in an immunocompetent child without other clinical signs

et al. 2015

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Introduction: Bacille Calmette-Gué rin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is a rare cause of infection, with few published cases in immunocompetent individuals. Case presentation: We present the case of a cutaneous abscess in an immunocompetent infant returning from Morocco, where he received a BCG vaccination. The abscess developed at the site of inoculation in the forearm (a non-recommended site) in the absence of lymphadenopathy or systemic signs. The lesion did not recur after aspiration of the abscess and further treatment was not required. Conclusion: Infections caused by M. bovis BCG may be difficult to diagnose without systemic signs or lymphadenopathy but should be suspected in children returning from regions where BCG vaccination is widely applied. The present report suggests that abscess formation after BCG vaccination is a continuing problem, particularly in tuberculosis-endemic areas and when recommendations concerning dosage or injection techniques are not followed. Moreover, we highlight here the importance of combining phenotypic and genotypic methods for quick identification of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in abscess drainage fluids.

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Probable disseminated BCG infection in a 10-month-old child after BCG vaccination

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Two infants with tuberculid associated with Kawasaki disease

Two infants with tuberculid associated with Kawasaki disease

A case of abscess after BCG vaccine in an immunocompetent child without other clinical signs

Bcg-vaccine

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