A case of abscess after BCG vaccine in an immunocompetent child without other clinical signs

D’Aleo, Francesco; Bonanno, Roberta; Costantino, Antonella Lo Presti; Arena, Salvatore; Midiri, Angelina; Mancuso, Giuseppe; Biondo, Carmelo; Beninati, Concetta

doi:10.1099/jmmcr.0.000103

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[ 8 ] d’Aleo F reported exaggerated response at the injection when BCG was administered into the subcutaneous space instead of intradermal inoculation which resulted in development of local abscess. [ 9 ] Looking in to the skills required for the intradermal injection and paramedical staff working with PPE kits on, we believe there are chances of erroneous injection of Mw in to the subcutaneous space, instead of intradermal space, in some of the patients. We are reporting this case to make clinicians aware that this can also occur as adverse site reaction which resolved with oral anti-inflammatory drugs and local steroids for 8 to 10 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium W. - An unusual side effect

Chawla

Chawla²,

Chaudhary

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis

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Objective To present an interesting case of unusual side effect of Mycobacterium W. in an adult COVID 19 positive male and discuss its assessment and management. Methods . Design Case Report. Setting Tertiary care hospital. Patient One. Results 70 years male was admitted with complaints of fever, persistent dry cough since 10-12 days and progressive breathlessness since 3-4 days. Patient was found COVID-19 RTPCR positive and is known case of Type-II Diabetes with CAD (Post PTCA). Patient was managed conservatively with Oxygen support, I/V antibiotics, I/V Steroids, oral Favipiravir and other supportive treatment. Patient was also given injection Mycobacterium W. in dose of 0.3 ml per day intradermally at 3 different sites (both deltoids) consecutively for three days. 7-8 days after administration, patient developed bright red pustules which later got converted into small punched out ulcerations on all nine local sites of administration, which were managed conservatively with oral analgesics and local steroids for 8 to 10 days which healed without any scar formation. Conclusion Injection Mycobacterium W. is used in COVID 19 patients as an immunomodulator agent and has been proved to be safe in most of the cases but we encountered this unusual side effect of bright red pustules formation at all nine local sites of injection in our case most likely because of being administered subcutaneously instead of intradermally, making this an interesting case which is being reported to scientific fraternity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium W. - An unusual side effect

Chawla

Chawla²,

Chaudhary

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis

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“…BCG and its cell wall component are highly immunogenic and may cause some cutaneous complications at the injection site [30,31]. Therefore, the safety of BCG-CWS was assessed as described in the Materials and Methods section.…”

Section: Determination Of the Reactogenicity Of Tested Vaccine Candidatementioning

confidence: 99%

The Adjuvant Activity of BCG Cell Wall Cytoskeleton on a Dengue Virus-2 Subunit Vaccine

Jearanaiwitayakul,

Warit,

Lekjinda

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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The uneven immunogenicity of the attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine has made it difficult to achieve balanced protection against all four serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV). To overcome this problem, non-replicative vaccines have come into focus, as their immunogenicity is adjustable. This approach is excellent for multivalent vaccines but commonly faces the issue of low immunogenicity. In this present study, we developed a non-replicating dengue vaccine composed of UV-inactivated dengue virus-2 (UV-DENV-2) and DENV-2 NS1-279 protein encapsidated within nanoparticles. This vaccine candidate was administered in the presence of BCG cell wall cytoskeleton (BCG-CWS) as an adjuvant. We revealed, here, that encapsidated immunogens with BCG-CWS exerted potent activities on both B and T cells and elicited Th-1/Th-2 responses in mice. This was evidenced by BCG-CWS significantly augmenting antibody-mediated complement-fixing activity, strongly stimulating the antigen-specific polyfunctional T cell responses, and activating mixed Th-1/Th-2 responses specific to DENV-2- and NS1-279 antigens. In conclusion, BCG-CWS potently adjuvanted the inactivated DENV-2 and DENV subunit immunogens. The mechanism of adjuvanticity remains unclear. This study revealed the potential use of BCG-CWS in vaccine development.

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The Adjuvant Activity of BCG Cell Wall Cytoskeleton on Dengue Virus-2 Subunit Vaccine

Jearanaiwitayakul¹,

Warit²,

Lekjinda³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The uneven immunogenicity of the attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine has created the diffi-culty to achieve a balanced protection against all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV). To overcome this problem, non-replicative-based vaccines have come into focus as their immuno-genicity is adjustable. This approach is excellent for multivalent vaccines but commonly faces the issue of low immunogenicity. In this present study, we developed a non-replicating dengue vaccine composing of UV-inactivated dengue-2 virus (UV-DENV2) and DENV-2 NS1-279 protein encapsidated within nanoparticles. This vaccine candidate was administered in the presence of BCG cell wall cytoskeleton (BCG-CWS) as an adjuvant. We revealed, here, that encapsidated immunogens with BCG-CWS exerted potent activities on both B and T cells and elicited Th-1/Th-2 responses in mice. This was evidenced by strong neutralizing antibody activity with an unde-tectable antibody enhancing activity in a group of mice receiving encapsidated immunogens with BCG-CWS. Importantly, BCG-CWS significantly augmented antibody-mediated comple-ment-fixing activity, strongly stimulated the antigen-specific polyfunctional T cell responses as well as activated mixed Th-1/Th-2 responses specific to DENV2- and NS1-279 antigens. In conclu-sion, BCG-CWS potently adjuvanted the inactivated DENV-2 and subunit DENV immunogens. The mechanism of adjuvanticity remains unclear. This study revealed the potential use of BCG-CWS in vaccine development.

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A case of abscess after BCG vaccine in an immunocompetent child without other clinical signs

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Mycobacterium W. - An unusual side effect

Mycobacterium W. - An unusual side effect

The Adjuvant Activity of BCG Cell Wall Cytoskeleton on a Dengue Virus-2 Subunit Vaccine

The Adjuvant Activity of BCG Cell Wall Cytoskeleton on Dengue Virus-2 Subunit Vaccine

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