Probabilistic seismic analysis of an LNG subplant

Bursi, Oreste S.; Filippo, Rocco di; Salandra, Vincenzo La; Pedot, Massimiliano; Reza, Shahin

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2017.10.009

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The pipelines are all welded (no flange joints or other pipework is considered) and tranfer ethylene. The steel constitutive law of pipes was examined in Bursi et al (2018) by conducting tensile testing at very low temperature to take into account the operation conditions of the plant. The A312/TP304L yielding strain and strength was found equal to 1.7‰ and 370 MPa, respectively, whilst the strength was equal to 461 MPa at 5% strain.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method was proposed by Bursi et al (2015) and was found less conservative in comparison with the simplified method of (EN 13480-3 2012) that relies on flexibility factor (k b ). Also, the low operating pipe pressure (P max = 1.63 MPa) had no significant impact on the pipe response and in order to stay on the safe side it was neglected (Bursi et al 2015(Bursi et al , 2018.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the seismic fragility of pipe rack—piping systems considering soil–structure interaction

Sarno

Karagiannakis

2020

Bull Earthquake Eng

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Piping systems constitute the most vulnerable component in down-and mid-stream facilities posing immediate threat to human lives, communities financial robustness and environment. Pipe racks present several mechanical and geometrical idiosyncrasies compared to common buildings and the seismic response is governed by the pipework layout. Important design requirements e.g. dynamic interaction between pipelines and supporting structure are commonly overlooked during pipe racks design process and uncertainties relevant to modelling of soil or seismic input are not quantified. In the present work, after reviewing the technical literature and codes, a 3D RC rack was used as a testbed and analysed as coupled and decoupled with a non-seismic code conforming piping system accounting for soil-structure interaction. Incremental dynamic analysis was adopted as an assessment methodology for deriving fragility curves considering ground motions in near-and far-field conditions. It was deduced that the modelling (boundary conditions of pipes) was the most considerable uncertainty since it increased the probability of collapse limit state of structural members from 0 to 59%. It was also demonstrated that soil deformability as well as source conditions altered considerably the dispersion of intensity measure conditional on engineering demand parameter of structural and nonstructural members. The results may be another indication that code provisions should be more normative regarding industrial pipe racks.

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Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the seismic fragility of pipe rack—piping systems considering soil–structure interaction

Sarno

Karagiannakis

2020

Bull Earthquake Eng

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“…The structural components are made by concrete class C40/50, whereas the 7 pipelines that run along the rack by steel grade ASTM A312/TP304L with yield and ultimate strength 370 MPa and 461 MPa, respectively. More information about the mechanical properties of the rack and pipelines can be found in [29] and [30]. The concrete material is described by the Mander model, which accounts for transverse reinforcement, and the Menegotto-Pitto one is used for the ribbed reinforcement.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In view of the large model under investigation and the availabilities of the analysis software [27] for pipe modelling, stick models both for straight and curved pipe have been used and calibrated according to [32]. It is worth mentioning that the internal operating pipe pressure is low (Pmax=1.63 MPa) as quoted in [30] and thus neglected in order to remain on the safe side since the pressure increases at low operating levels the bending stiffness of pipe bends ( [32]). The pipelines are supported mainly in a flexible way on the rack by keeping free the displacement in the axial direction of the pipe as well as all the degrees of freedom.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Fragility Assessment of LNG Pipe Rack Accounting for Soil-Structure-Interaction

Sarno¹,

Karagiannakis²

2019

Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

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The increasing momentum for Natural Gas exploitation in Europe and worldwide constitutes Liquified Gas terminals indispensable links of energy supply network. Infrastructures of this kind should be resilient against the earthquake hazard and thus designed accounting for as much as possible sources of uncertainty such as modelling issues, analysis methods, seismic input selection, soil effects and others. To date, research efforts have not assessed the response of pipe racks sufficiently, let alone the interaction between the rack and piping system and analysis methods of the past have proved to be neither adequate nor efficient towards evaluating the earthquake hazard potentiality. Further, soil-structure-interaction has not been incorporated into a fragility analysis framework; albeit it is considered as a critical parameter since midstream and downstream facilities are usually rested on alluvial deposits. In the present work, a supporting RC rack is analysed through a 3D finite element model in the nonlinear regime both as coupled and decoupled vis-à-vis a piping system. The fragility functions are evaluated for structural components and limit states in the global and meso-scale, through the Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) considering far-field conditions. In the end, the SSI is encountered accounting for linear and nonlinear soil, and soil effects are demonstrated by the fragility curves. It is inferred that the fragility of the rack soars considerably by the piping system boundary conditions in the coupled case and the SSI has detrimental impact, and thus should be accounted, particularly, for industrial structures that are located at coastal sites.

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“…As a matter of fact, in these circumstances, the failure scenario of a loss of containment (LoC) can result in significant adverse effects on nearby communities and the environment. With reference to LoC prevention, this paper presents an experimental investigation of a realistic tank-piping system in order to assess its seismic performances with a special focus on vulnerable components, like bolted flange joints (BFJs), Tee joints and pipe bends; see [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of a Coupled Tank-Piping System by Means of Hybrid Simulation and Acoustic Emission

et al. 2020

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In order to shed light on the seismic response of complex industrial plants, advanced finite element models should take into account both multicomponents and relevant coupling effects. These models are usually computationally expensive and rely on significant computational resources. Moreover, the relationships between seismic action, system response and relevant damage levels are often characterized by a high level of nonlinearity, which requires a solid background of experimental data. Vulnerability and reliability analyses both depend on the adoption of a significant number of seismic waveforms that are generally not available when seismic risk evaluation is strictly site-specific. In addition, detection of most vulnerable components, i.e., pipe bends and welding points, is an important step to prevent leakage events. In order to handle these issues, a methodology based on a stochastic seismic ground motion model, hybrid simulation and acoustic emission is presented in this paper. The seismic model is able to generate synthetic ground motions coherent with site-specific analysis. In greater detail, the system is composed of a steel slender tank, i.e., the numerical substructure, and a piping network connected through a bolted flange joint, i.e., the physical substructure. Moreover, to monitor the seismic performance of the pipeline and harness the use of sensor technology, acoustic emission sensors are placed through the pipeline. Thus, real-time acoustic emission signals of the system under study are acquired using acoustic emission sensors. Moreover, in addition to seismic events, also a severe monotonic loading is exerted on the physical substructure. As a result, deformation levels of each critical component were investigated; and the processing of acoustic emission signals provided a more in-depth view of the damage of the analysed components.

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Probabilistic seismic analysis of an LNG subplant

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

On the seismic fragility of pipe rack—piping systems considering soil–structure interaction

On the seismic fragility of pipe rack—piping systems considering soil–structure interaction

Seismic Fragility Assessment of LNG Pipe Rack Accounting for Soil-Structure-Interaction

Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of a Coupled Tank-Piping System by Means of Hybrid Simulation and Acoustic Emission

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