Probabilistic modelling of European consumer exposure to cosmetic products

McNamara, C.; Rohan, D; Golden, Darach; Gibney, Michael J.; Hall, Barbara; Tozer, S.; Safford, Bob; Coroama, M.; Leneveu-Duchemin, M.C.; Steiling, W.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2007.06.037

Cited by 55 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The SCCS, however, advises a retention factor of 5% for toothpaste exposure calculation for adults (SCCS, 2012). According to probabilistic modelling of European consumer exposure, people (aged 17-74 years) use on average 2.09 g toothpaste per day (P50 ¼ 2.10; P95 ¼ 2.96 g per day), or 29.85 mg/kg bw per day (P50 ¼ 28.67, P95 ¼ 48.61 g/kg bw per day) McNamara et al, 2007). Following these values, the SCCS guidance, and the Ti concentration of toothpaste as determined by Peters et al (2014), this would result in an additional mean oral intake of 0.009 mg TiO 2 /kg bw per day (P50 ¼ 0.009, P95 ¼ 0.015 mg TiO 2 /kg bw per day) in people 46 years old.…”

Section: Comparison Of Measured Ti Levels To Ti Levels Reported In LImentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral intake of added titanium dioxide and its nanofraction from food products, food supplements and toothpaste by the Dutch population

et al. 2016

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Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is commonly applied to enhance the white colour and brightness of food products. TiO 2 is also used as white pigment in other products such as toothpaste. A small fraction of the pigment is known to be present as nanoparticles (NPs). Recent studies with TiO 2 NPs indicate that these particles can have toxic effects. In this paper, we aimed to estimate the oral intake of TiO 2 and its NPs from food, food supplements and toothpaste in the Dutch population aged 2 to over 70 years by combining data on food consumption and supplement intake with concentrations of Ti and TiO 2 NPs in food products and supplements. For children aged 2-6 years, additional intake via ingestion of toothpaste was estimated. The mean longterm intake to TiO 2 ranges from 0.06 mg/kg bw/day in elderly (70+), 0.17 mg/kg bw/day for 7-69-year-old people, to 0.67 mg/kg bw/day in children (2-6 year old). The estimated mean intake of TiO 2 NPs ranges from 0.19 mg/kg bw/day in elderly, 0.55 mg/kg bw/day for 7-69-yearold people, to 2.16 mg/kg bw/day in young children. Ninety-fifth percentile (P95) values are 0.74, 1.61 and 4.16 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. The products contributing most to the TiO 2 intake are toothpaste (in young children only), candy, coffee creamer, fine bakery wares and sauces. In a separate publication, the results are used to evaluate whether the presence of TiO 2 NPs in these products can pose a human health risk.

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Section: Comparison Of Measured Ti Levels To Ti Levels Reported In LImentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral intake of added titanium dioxide and its nanofraction from food products, food supplements and toothpaste by the Dutch population

et al. 2016

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“…Cross sectional studies reporting PCP use patterns in the general population have been conducted in the United States [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ] and in Europe [ 5 , 6 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. However, as has been acknowledged, there is great intra- and inter- individual variability in product use [ 10 , 14 ] that can only be captured using data generated from longitudinal studies [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Care Product Use in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Implications for Exposure Assessment

Lang¹,

Fisher

Neisa

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Concern regarding the potential for developmental health risks associated with certain chemicals (e.g., phthalates, antibacterials) used in personal care products is well documented; however, current exposure data for pregnant women are limited. The objective of this study was to describe the pattern of personal care product use in pregnancy and the post-partum period. Usage patterns of personal care products were collected at six different time points during pregnancy and once in the postpartum period for a cohort of 80 pregnant women in Ottawa, Canada. The pattern of use was then described and groups of personal care product groups commonly used together were identified using hierarchical cluster analysis. The results showed that product use varied by income and country of birth. General hygiene products were the most commonly used products and were consistently used over time while cosmetic product use declined with advancing pregnancy and post-delivery. Hand soaps and baby products were reported as used more frequently after birth. This study is the first to track personal care product use across pregnancy and into the postpartum period, and suggests that pregnant populations may be a unique group of personal care product users. This information will be useful for exposure assessments.

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“…McNamara et al 7 and Hall et al 8 collected PCP use data combining market information databases with a controlled product use study. The market information study contained a large number of users (male and female) of the studied products in five European countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of an aggregate exposure model for substances in consumer products: a case study of diethyl phthalate in personal care products

Delmaar

Bokkers

Burg

et al. 2014

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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As personal care products (PCPs) are used in close contact with a person, they are a major source of consumer exposure to chemical substances contained in these products. The estimation of realistic consumer exposure to substances in PCPs is currently hampered by the lack of appropriate data and methods. To estimate aggregate exposure of consumers to substances contained in PCPs, a person-oriented consumer exposure model has been developed (the Probabilistic Aggregate Consumer Exposure Model, PACEM). The model simulates daily exposure in a population based on product use data collected from a survey among the Dutch population. The model is validated by comparing diethyl phthalate (DEP) dose estimates to dose estimates based on biomonitoring data. It was found that the model's estimates compared well with the estimates based on biomonitoring data. This suggests that the person-oriented PACEM model is a practical tool for assessing realistic aggregate exposures to substances in PCPs. In the future, PACEM will be extended with use pattern data on other product groups. This will allow for assessing aggregate exposure to substances in consumer products across different product groups.

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Probabilistic modelling of European consumer exposure to cosmetic products

Cited by 55 publications

References 4 publications

Oral intake of added titanium dioxide and its nanofraction from food products, food supplements and toothpaste by the Dutch population

Oral intake of added titanium dioxide and its nanofraction from food products, food supplements and toothpaste by the Dutch population

Personal Care Product Use in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Implications for Exposure Assessment

Validation of an aggregate exposure model for substances in consumer products: a case study of diethyl phthalate in personal care products

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