“…It involves 14 common metal materials, welded joint materials, and welded joints, as shown in Table 1. These 14 materials are Al-2024-T42, 40 45 steel (A), 41 butt joint, 42,43 corner joint, 42,43 Ti-6Al-4V(A), 44 GS61, 45 Ti-6Al-4V(B), 46 Al-7070-T7451, 47 45 steel (B), 48 16Mn steel (A), 49 16Mn steel (B), 50 Q235B steel joint, 51 C35 steel, 52 and P355NL1. 53 The collected materials and welded joints have been widely used in industrial fields such as high-speed rail and aviation manufacturing.…”