Proanthocyanidin as a crosslinking agent for fibrin, collagen hydrogels and their composites with decellularized Wharton’s-jelly-extract for tissue engineering applications

Abstract

In tissue engineering, natural hydrogel scaffolds gained considerable attention due to their biocompatibility and similarity to macromolecular-based components in the body. However, their low mechanical strength and high degradation degree limit their biomedical application. By varying the composition of hydrogels, their biochemical and mechanical properties can be improved. In this study, the stability of fibrin and collagen hydrogels and their composites with decellularized Wharton’s jelly extract (DEWJ) was improved using proanthocyanidin (PA) as a cross-linker, extracted from grape seeds. The cytocompatibility, physicochemical and mechanical properties of the hydrogels were evaluated. Human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) were seeded on the hydrogels and their attachment, morphology, and proliferation were investigated using a scanning electron and optical microscopy. Our results showed that hydrogels containing DEWJ along with PA enhance cell proliferation and showed higher mechanical properties compared with the fibrin and collagen hydrogel. The results present the potential utility of these hydrogels in tissue engineering and for application in three-dimensional culture.

Layered dermal reconstitution through epigallocatechin 3-gallate loaded chitosan nanoparticle within enzymatically crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/collagen fibrous mat

“…Among biomaterials, hybrid of PVA and Col derivatives has been used in both skin and nerve engineering. [22][23][24][25] However, most of them are crosslinked through hydrogen bonds, UV-radiation, glutaraldehyde and carbodiimide. In this study, we have attempted to develop fabrication of PVA and Col fibrous mat as a biological response dressing patch.…”

“…The collagen was extracted from rat tail tendons using organic solvent including acetone, isopropyl alcohol, and acetic acid solution as reported previously. 24…”

Fibrin–Dextran Hydrogels with Tunable Porosity and Mechanical Properties

“…The change in gelation behavior for two component systems was also observed by the group of Rahimi-Movaghar et al for fibrin combined with Wharton'sjelly-extract. 49 A correlation between high amounts of dextran-MA and increased gelation is observed, where the fastest gelation was obtained for Fib 1.5 D 10 . Furthermore, the second gelation point occurs faster for all hydrogel blends than the corresponding pure dextran hydrogels with the same dextran-MA concentration.…”

Injectable hydrogels in central nervous system: Unique and novel platforms for promoting extracellular matrix remodeling and tissue engineering

“…Hydrogel deformation, occlusion of the defect, and inhibition of neurite development may all be caused by a high swelling ratio [ 106 , 107 ]. When hydrophilic or electrostatically charged moieties are added to hydrogels, swelling increases, but greater network permeability and significant effects on hydrogel biomechanics will happen.…”