Proactive versus Reactive: Strategies in the Implementation of School-based Services for Students with ASD

Root, Brittney V.; Melgarejo, Melina; Suhrheinrich, Jessica

doi:10.1007/s10488-021-01184-w

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The school districts approach to implementing ASD-specific programs may have a significant effect on the child’s outcomes. School districts with proactive implementation of interventions tend to use evidence-based practices and develop ASD-specific programs, whereas school districts with reactive implementation of programs tend to have more litigation and due process and greater escalation of student behavior [ 111 ]. Some school districts develop comprehensive programs specifically for children with ASD [ 112 ].…”

Section: Specific Factors To Address In Autism Spectrum Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Personalized Multidisciplinary Approach to Evaluating and Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder

Frye

2022

JPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder without a known cure. Current standard-of-care treatments focus on addressing core symptoms directly but have provided limited benefits. In many cases, individuals with ASD have abnormalities in multiple organs, including the brain, immune and gastrointestinal system, and multiple physiological systems including redox and metabolic systems. Additionally, multiple aspects of the environment can adversely affect children with ASD including the sensory environment, psychosocial stress, dietary limitations and exposures to allergens and toxicants. Although it is not clear whether these medical abnormalities and environmental factors are related to the etiology of ASD, there is evidence that many of these factors can modulate ASD symptoms, making them a potential treatment target for improving core and associated ASD-related symptoms and improving functional limitation. Additionally, addressing underlying biological disturbances that drive pathophysiology has the potential to be disease modifying. This article describes a systematic approach using clinical history and biomarkers to personalize medical treatment for children with ASD. This approach is medically comprehensive, making it attractive for a multidisciplinary approach. By concentrating on treatable conditions in ASD, it is possible to improve functional ability and quality of life, thus providing optimal outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Specific Factors To Address In Autism Spectrum Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Personalized Multidisciplinary Approach to Evaluating and Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder

Frye

2022

JPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Proactive approaches are already being used with an adolescent population and show high levels of engagement, such as a smoking cessation program through telephone outreach and helpline support, which reported a 61.5% to 80.5% engagement rate [ 28 ]. Proactive outreach provides intervention into communities where a need exists, reducing inequities [ 29 ], barriers [ 30 ], and the overall economic costs of the disease [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Counselor Practices and Risk Assessment in a Proactive Digital Intervention Through Instagram in Young People: Qualitative Study

Peart¹,

Hetrick²,

Gibson³

et al. 2023

JMIR Form Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Suicide is one of the leading causes of preventable death in young people, and the way young people are communicating suicidality has evolved to include web-based disclosures and help-seeking. To date, mental health intervention services, both on the web and in person, have been conceived in the traditional model, whereby support is provided if a young person (or their family) actively seeks out that support when distressed. On the other hand, proactive outreach is an innovative approach to intervention that has been shown to be effective in other areas of health care. Live for Tomorrow chat was delivered on Instagram and comprised of counselors who reach out to provide brief person-centered intervention to young people who post content indicating distress or suicidality. Objective Our aim was to explore how counselors engaged young people in a proactive digital intervention and how risk assessment was conducted in this context. Methods We analyzed 35 transcripts of conversations between counselors and young people aged 13-25 years using the 6-step approach of Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis. These transcripts included a counseling intervention and a follow-up chat that was aimed at collecting feedback about the counseling intervention. Results A total of 7 themes emerged: using microskills to facilitate conversations, building confidence and capacity to cope with change, seeking permission when approaching conversations about suicidality or self-harm, conversations about suicidality following a structured approach, providing assurances of confidentiality, validation of the experience of suicidality, and using conversations about suicidality to identify interventions. Counselors were able to translate counseling microskills and structured questioning regarding suicidality into a digital context. In particular, in the digital context, counselors would use the young person’s post and emojis to further conversations and build rapport. Conclusions The findings highlight the importance of the counselor’s role to listen, empathize, validate, and empower young people and that all these skills can be transferred to a digital text counseling intervention. Counselors used a structured approach to understanding suicidality in a permission-seeking, validating, and confidential manner to identify interventions with the young person. These practices allowed the conversation to move beyond traditional risk assessment practices to meaningful conversations about suicidality. Moving beyond traditional risk assessment practices and into conversations about suicidality allowed for the validation of the young person’s experience and exploration of interventions and support that made sense and were seen to be helpful to the young person. This study highlighted the benefits of a proactive digital chat-based intervention, which is a novel approach to engaging with young people experiencing psychological distress and suicidality. Furthermore, this research demonstrates the feasibility and benefit of moving mental health intervention and support to a medium where young people are currently disclosing distress and intervening proactively.

show abstract

Redesigning an Autism Evidence-Based Practice Adoption and Decision-Making Implementation Toolkit for Middle and High Schools

Locke,

Michael,

Holt

et al. 2024

School Mental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Proactive versus Reactive: Strategies in the Implementation of School-based Services for Students with ASD

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

A Personalized Multidisciplinary Approach to Evaluating and Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder

A Personalized Multidisciplinary Approach to Evaluating and Treating Autism Spectrum Disorder

Exploring Counselor Practices and Risk Assessment in a Proactive Digital Intervention Through Instagram in Young People: Qualitative Study

Redesigning an Autism Evidence-Based Practice Adoption and Decision-Making Implementation Toolkit for Middle and High Schools

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About