Proactive inhibition in short-term memory

Remembrance of places lasts: Proactive inhibition and patterns of choice in rat spatial memory

“…The 60-sec curve does resemble curves which plot the development of PI in human short-term memory (STM) experiments, since the greatest loss in retention is typically between Trials 1 and 2. In fact, Loess (1964) found that PI had developed to its maximum extent between Trials 1 and 2. …”

“…One was the fact that the loss in retention over trials was clearly in evidence at a longer retention interval but was minimal at a short retention interval (Keppel & Underwood, 1962). The other was the observation that the PI effect reached its maximum extent on Trial 2, with no further drop in performance on subsequent trials (Loess, 1964).…”

Dimensional control of retardate memory

“…The logic and experimental precedents for inferring proactive interference have been established largely by students of short-term memory in normal adult Ss recalling verbal material (e.g., Broadbent, 1958;Wickens, Born, & Allen, 1963;Loess, 1964;A tkinson & Shiff rin, 1968; 104 and Turvey, 1968). Analogous rationales for inferring proaction in the visual discriminative learning of retardates have been described recently by Scott & Scott (1969).…”

Dos-based exercises that demonstrate classic studies in human memory

“…That forgetting in a short-term memory task can be due to proactive interference and that proactive interference is a function of class similarity between to-be-recalled and previously tested information was demonstrated by Reutener (1972), Wickens (1972), and others (e.g., Loess, 1964). In the study by Reutener, subjects read four sets of three names of different articles of furniture and then recalled the names in each set after about 20 sec of distractor activity.…”