Private space exploration: A new way for starting a spacefaring society?

Genta, Giancarlo

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2014.04.008

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…With a new era of space exploration in part being driven by the private sector, [ 2,3 ] it is expected that space exploration will grow over the next years as a potential business model (e.g., space tourism), thus emphasising the need for new materials and alloys for satellites, spacecrafts, spaceprobes, and derivatives. In addition to this demand, some spacefaring powers are still deeply engaged in the development of their civilian and military space programmes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototypic Lightweight Alloy Design for Stellar‐Radiation Environments

et al. 2020

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The existing literature data shows that conventional aluminium alloys may not be suitable for use in stellar-radiation environments as their hardening phases are prone to dissolve upon exposure to energetic irradiation, resulting in alloy softening which may reduce the lifetime of such materials impairing future human-based space missions. The innovative methodology of crossover alloying is herein used to synthesize an aluminium alloy with a radiation resistant hardening phase. This alloy-a crossover of 5xxx and 7xxx series Al-alloys-is subjected to extreme heavy ion irradiations in situ within a TEM up to a dose of 1 dpa and major experimental observations are made: the Mg 32 (Zn,Al) 49 hardening precipitates (denoted as T-phase) for this alloy system surprisingly survive the extreme irradiation conditions, no cavities are found to nucleate and displacement damage is observed to develop in the form of black-spots. This discovery indicates that a high phase fraction of hardening precipitates is a crucial parameter for achieving superior radiation tolerance. Based on such observations, this current work sets new guidelines for the design of metallic alloys for space exploration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototypic Lightweight Alloy Design for Stellar‐Radiation Environments

et al. 2020

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“…While private vendors were involved in launch vehicle development, NASA owned the space shuttle. [2] Volume 10 Issue 3 (2021) ISSN: 2167-1907 www.JSR.org…”

Section: Regulatory Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the exploration of space at that stage was led primarily by the joint efforts of the political, defense and scientific communities, they worked for the governments through specially created agencies. The initial development of the space industry was thus founded on a model that involved governments directly [2]. The US government's Apollo program created a public sector-led business model of the space industry, which would prevail for the subsequent decades.…”

Section: Introduction: Historical Background and Entry Of The Private Sector Into Outer Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

The New Final Frontier: A Case Study Analysis of Private Sector’s Increasing Role in the Space Industry

Rana¹,

Sharma

2021

J Stud Res

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Historically, any endeavors, involving the term ‘space’, were perceived as operations undertaken by large government organizations with an emphasis on the scientific aspect, rather than a business one. However, over the last two decades, the structure of the space industry is rapidly being transformed and privatized due to the growth in commercial applications and the catalyzing entry of billionaires such as Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos. This paper offers a case study analysis of the private sector’s growing influence in the space industry through a combination of a quantitative analysis and an in-depth review of the surrounding literature. The results show that the commercial economy now accounts for almost 80% of the monetary size of the space industry and is expected to drive most of the growth in future. Further, a forecast of the future size of the space economy suggests it could touch almost US$1.5 trillion by 2040, dominated by the private sector. A regression analysis conducted to assess the quantum of private sector investment that will be required if the industry is to achieve its forecasted potential in the upcoming decades revealed that private investments must go up to US$48billion by 2025.

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“…64 However, in the post-Cold-War era, these policies predominantly revolve around the power of innovation. 13,14 In particular, on one hand, the discourse is built on the expectations of technology transfer from publicly funded basic and applied science, [65][66][67] and on the other hand, the creation of new markets for the Space Sector applications [68][69][70][71] as part of economic (development) policy. Hence, the Space Sector's growth is being supported by deliberate top-down policy interventions, often delivered dispersedly by publicly backed innovation intermediaries, while it also relies upon a preexisting environment and bottom-up entrepreneurial action, that is, the Open Innovation approach.…”

Section: Industry Transition and Emergence Of ''New Space''mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Space and Innovation Policy: Scotland's Emerging “Space Glen”

Vidmar

2020

New Space

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The global Space Industry's transition to New Space-that is, smaller and cheaper hardware and more easily accessible space data-is expanding space-related economic activity into new, peripheral geographical areas. This paradigm shift has been particularly successful in establishing a budding ecosystem of small-to-medium-sized enterprises in Scotland, which is sometimes referred to as the ''Space Glen.'' These developments are linked to the U.K. and Scottish policymakers addressing the growth of the Space Sector within the innovation policy, rather than a separate Space policy/program. In this review article, I argue that the resulting small-scale and dispersed investment in R&D and business development put forward by the various governmental actors led to the creation of dispersed and divergent clusters of firms, strongly linked to research expertise at local universities, as well as other sectors with more mature markets, such as oil and gas and forestry. Recently, these have been joined together in a common regional sectoral identity, through industry-led grouping initiatives, mainly through promotion at events. Deploying mixed-method data collection and document analysis, this scoping study examines the interplay between innovation policy and emerging sectoral structures in the space sector and poses further questions for a more detailed understanding of the ''Space Glen'' phenomenon.

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Private space exploration: A new way for starting a spacefaring society?

Cited by 30 publications

References 8 publications

Prototypic Lightweight Alloy Design for Stellar‐Radiation Environments

Prototypic Lightweight Alloy Design for Stellar‐Radiation Environments

The New Final Frontier: A Case Study Analysis of Private Sector’s Increasing Role in the Space Industry

New Space and Innovation Policy: Scotland's Emerging “Space Glen”

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