Private Academies of Chinese Learning in Meiji Japan

Kinematic viscosity and speed of sound in gaseous CO, CO2, SiF4, SF6, C4F8, and NH3 from 220K to 375K and pressures up to 3.4MPa

“…It is important to mention that surface area of the chamber is replaced by and effective-area S eff which describes better the thermal losses in each cavity. This effective surface is obtained by weighting the geometric surface area by the square of the acoustic temperature [11]. This procedure makes that S eff is about 0.9923 times the geometric surface.…”

“…These quantities were approximated as polynomials of the ratio of e v " d v /r d , whose coefficients depend on the specific dimensions of the resonator. We had expressions of these polynomials from numerical calculations [11],…”

“…The localized impedance at the rounded duct ends are described with a lumped-component model such that Z end = qx/[A d (id I + d R )], where q is the density, x the (angular) frequency, A d the area of the duct, and d I and d R are the inertial and resistive lengths, respectively. The inertial and resistive lengths were evaluated numerically and then, they were approximated by simple polynomials of the viscous penetration length, d v [11].…”

Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Normal and Parahydrogen from the Triple Point to 1000 K and up to 100 MPa

“…In a recent pa-per, Mehl et al 7 employed the spherical version of the hydrogen intermolecular potential determined in ab initio calculations by Patkowski et al 70 to calculate the viscosity and thermal conductivity of normal and parahydrogen by use of a full quantum-mechanical formalism. To supplement the tables in Mehl et al, 7 we obtained more detailed tables of values of the dilute-gas thermal conductivity (ranging from 10 K to 2000 K in 1 K intervals) from Mehl, 71 and used data from 10 K to 2000 K to develop the correlation presented here. Mehl et al 7 reported that the average fractional difference between the theoretically calculated values and experimental data was (0.1 6 1.1) % in the temperature range 10-384 K, while at higher temperatures (600-2000 K) ranged from 4% to 10%.…”

Shell Perturbations of an Acoustic Thermometer Determined from Speed of Sound in Gas Mixtures

“…Different modeling and experimental strategies have been proposed and worked out to overcome the limits discussed above. Due to the complexity of an analytical calculation capable of accounting for more realistic boundary conditions, modeling efforts have so far concentrated on finite-element methods (FEM) [6,7]. For one of the resonators previously used at INRiM, two-dimensional FEM calculations have shown that the combined effect of the shape defects and the supporting structure raises the shell eigenfrequencies with respect to the corresponding modes of the isolated uniform shell [6].…”