Prisoners and Politics: Western Hostage Taking by Militant Groups

Loertscher, Seth; Milton, D. J.

doi:10.1080/17419166.2017.1380523

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The readiness of the PCS employee to act in an emergency is expressed in his/her desire and motivation to fulfill a significant goal through willpower, to influence such components of his/her psyche as fears, instinct for self-preservation, selfishness, established behaviors. A staff member ready for the task should have sufficient willpower, awareness of the need to carry out the task and increased responsibility [13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readiness for action in emergency circumstances in professional activities of penal system employees

Kirillova¹,

Lobanova

Smykovsky³

et al. 2021

SHS Web Conf.

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Correctional facilities are created to implement penalties for persons who have committed criminal offences. Consequently, persons held in them are often socially dangerous, criminally infected and inclined to deviant behavior. At the same time, the isolation, restriction of discretion and movement, the need to stay for a long time in a certain group of people are triggering factors and cause such conditions as boredom, irritation, apathy, depression, emotional instability. These circumstances do not exclude the occurrence of emergencies caused by a violation of standards and rules of conduct by persons sentenced to imprisonment, as evidenced by the facts recorded in penitentiary practice. Working in such conditions imposes special requirements to employees. In respect thereof, particular attention is paid to the need for penal system employees to be ready for emergency circumstances. This type of readiness is complex and includes motivationally interdependent will, cognitive and activity components. The formation of the given components depends on a number of external and internal factors. While preparing staff for professional tasks in emergency circumstances, it is rather important to pay attention not only to personal, but also to the collective readiness of staff units. The staff readiness to emergencies contributes to the effective service tasks execution, increases the sense of self-confidence in staff and their authority among colleagues, and affects the nature of professional communication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readiness for action in emergency circumstances in professional activities of penal system employees

Kirillova¹,

Lobanova

Smykovsky³

et al. 2021

SHS Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first attempt to create an effective legal way to combat international terrorism, in particular with taking and killing of hostages, was made in 1937. 11 The result of the three-year work of the expert commission at the Council of the League of Nations was the adoption of the Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Terrorism. 12 Unfortunately, due to the escalation of the political situation on the eve of World War II, the Convention never entered into force (only the Republic of India ratified it out of 23 member states).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Taking and Killing of Hostages: International Legal Regulation

Sainchyn

Kuchynska

Tsyganyuk

et al. 2021

iele

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In the 21st century, the threat of international terrorism has replaced the threat of "classic" military confrontations inherent in previous centuries. Despite the fact that terrorist attacks are usually aimed at achieving political goals, however, human lives often become a means of achieving such goals, which creates many challenges not only for world politics and global security but also for internal legal regulation. The issue of the legal definition of the taking and killing of hostages as the methods and types of committing terrorist acts is often fraught with significant difficulties. Using the method of comparative legal analysis, this study analyzes the legal norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which provide for punishment for the murder of hostages, as well as some problems of interpreting these legal norms in the context of foreign experience. Having studied these circumstances, the authors emphasize the importance of differentiating the dispositive norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine related to the murder of hostages. The study shows that the Crimi-

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“…This article joins and builds on a small but growing literature that examines hostage taking in armed conflict (see Forest 2012b; Gilbert 2020a; Loertscher and Milton 2018). In particular, it shares common ground with Shortland (2019) in the centrality of protection rackets for explaining kidnapping behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Logic of Kidnapping in Civil War: Evidence from Colombia

Gilbert

2022

Am Polit Sci Rev

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Why do some armed groups kidnap for ransom? Despite a dramatic spike in kidnappings by political groups over the last several decades, there are scant existing explanations for why groups use this tool of coercion. Leveraging evidence from extensive interviews with former combatants from Colombia’s civil war, including the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and National Liberation Army (ELN), as well as military and security personnel, I show that ransom kidnapping is used to enforce groups’ protection rackets, their main source of funding. Kidnapping is both the most lucrative way to punish tax evasion and an effective means of deterring future shirking. Thus, groups that tax local populations are more likely to kidnap; groups relying on external or voluntary forms of funding are less likely to take hostages. This article explains when we should see kidnapping in armed conflict, describing an underexplored way that selective violence bolsters insurgency.

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Prisoners and Politics: Western Hostage Taking by Militant Groups

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Readiness for action in emergency circumstances in professional activities of penal system employees

Readiness for action in emergency circumstances in professional activities of penal system employees

Prevention of Taking and Killing of Hostages: International Legal Regulation

The Logic of Kidnapping in Civil War: Evidence from Colombia

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