PRISM: A Non-Equilibrium, Multiphase Interstellar Medium Model for Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of Galaxies

Katz, Harley; Liu, Shenghua; Kimm, Taysun; Rey, Martin P.; Andersson, Eric P.; Cameron, Alex; Rodriguez-Montero, Francisco; Agertz, Oscar; Devriendt, Julien; Slyz, Adrianne

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2211.04626

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…We also include CR-induced ionization and heating with an attenuation factor inversely proportional to an effective mean column density. Our new framework with adaptive ray tracing improves upon the accuracy of radiationtransfer solutions compared to other ISM simulations that adopt more approximate methods, including the local attenuation and local ionization approach in Hu et al (2021), the tree-based backward radiation-transfer method in Rathjen et al (2021), and the two-moment approach with M1 closure in Kannan et al (2020) and Katz et al (2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing TIGRESS-NCR. I. Coregulation of the Multiphase Interstellar Medium and Star Formation Rates

Kim

Gong

et al. 2023

ApJ

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Massive, young stars are the main source of energy that maintains multiphase structure and turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM), and without this “feedback” the star formation rate (SFR) would be much higher than is observed. Rapid energy loss in the ISM and efficient energy recovery by stellar feedback lead to coregulation of SFRs and the ISM state. Realistic approaches to this problem should solve for the dynamical evolution of the ISM, including star formation and the input of feedback energy self-consistently and accurately. Here, we present the TIGRESS-NCR numerical framework, in which UV radiation, supernovae, cooling and heating processes, and gravitational collapse are modeled explicitly. We use an adaptive ray-tracing method for UV radiation transfer from star clusters represented by sink particles, accounting for attenuation by dust and gas. We solve photon-driven chemical equations to determine the abundances of hydrogen (time dependent) and carbon/oxygen-bearing species (steady state), which then set cooling and heating rates self-consistently. Applying these methods, we present high-resolution magnetohydrodynamics simulations of differentially rotating local galactic disks representing typical conditions of nearby star-forming galaxies. We analyze ISM properties and phase distributions and show good agreement with existing multiwavelength galactic observations. We measure midplane pressure components (turbulent, thermal, and magnetic) and the weight, demonstrating that vertical dynamical equilibrium holds. We quantify the ratios of pressure components to the SFR surface density, which we call the feedback yields. The TIGRESS-NCR framework will allow for a wide range of parameter exploration, including in low-metallicity systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing TIGRESS-NCR. I. Coregulation of the Multiphase Interstellar Medium and Star Formation Rates

Kim

Gong

et al. 2023

ApJ

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“…Recent hydrodynamical simulations coupled with time-dependent chemistry have achieved the required numerical resolution of a few parsecs (pc) to directly resolve feedback from individual supernova (SN) explosions in isolated dwarf galaxies (Hu et al 2016(Hu et al , 2017Hu 2019;Emerick et al 2019;Lahén et al 2020;Hislop et al 2022;Whitworth et al 2022b,a;Steinwandel et al 2022a,b;Katz et al 2022;Lahén et al 2022). This is an important milestone as it avoids the need of subgrid prescriptions for SN feedback which is one of the major uncertainties in cosmological simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-evolution of Dust and Chemistry in Galaxy Simulations with a Resolved Interstellar Medium

Hu¹,

Sternberg²,

Dishoeck³

2023

Preprint

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Nearby dwarf irregular galaxies are ideal laboratories for studying the interstellar medium (ISM) at low metallicity, which is expected to be common for galaxies at very high redshift that will be observed by the James Webb Space Telescope. We present the first high-resolution (∼ 0.2 pc) hydrodynamical simulations of an isolated low-metallicity (0.1 Z ) dwarf galaxy coupled with a time-dependent chemistry network and a dust evolution model where dust is locally produced and destroyed by various processes. To accurately model carbon monoxide (CO), we post-process the simulations with a detailed chemistry network including the time-dependent effect of molecular hydrogen (H 2 ). Our model successfully reproduces the observed star formation rate and CO(1-0) luminosity (L CO ). We find that dust growth in dense gas is required to reproduce the observed L CO as otherwise CO would be completely photodissociated. In contrast, the H 2 abundance is extremely small and is insensitive to dust growth, leading to a CO-to-H 2 conversion factor similar to the Milky Way value despite the low metallicity. Observationally inferred dust-to-gas ratio is thus underestimated if adopting the metallicity-dependent CO-to-H 2 conversion factor. The newly-produced dust in dense gas mixes with the ISM through supernova feedback without being completely destroyed by sputtering, which leads to galactic outflows 20% -50% dustier than the ISM, providing a possible source for intergalactic dust.

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“…Recent hydrodynamical simulations coupled with timedependent chemistry have achieved the required numerical resolution of a few parsecs to directly resolve feedback from individual supernova (SN) explosions in isolated dwarf galaxies (Hu et al 2016(Hu et al , 2017Emerick et al 2019;Hu 2019;Lahén et al 2020Lahén et al , 2023Hislop et al 2022;Katz et al 2022;Steinwandel et al 2022aSteinwandel et al , 2022bWhitworth et al 2022Whitworth et al , 2023. This is an important milestone as it avoids the need for sub-grid prescriptions for SN feedback one of the major uncertainties in cosmological simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coevolution of Dust and Chemistry in Galaxy Simulations with a Resolved Interstellar Medium

Hu¹,

Sternberg²,

Dishoeck³

2023

ApJ

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Nearby dwarf irregular galaxies are ideal laboratories for studying the interstellar medium (ISM) at low metallicity, which is expected to be common for galaxies at very high redshift being observed by JWST. We present the first high-resolution (∼0.2 pc) hydrodynamical simulations of an isolated low-metallicity (0.1 Z ⊙) dwarf galaxy coupled with a time-dependent chemistry network and a dust evolution model where dust is locally produced and destroyed by various processes. To accurately model carbon monoxide (CO), we post-process the simulations with a detailed chemistry network including the time-dependent effect of molecular hydrogen (H2). Our model successfully reproduces the observed star formation rate and CO(1–0) luminosity (L CO). We find that dust growth in dense gas is required to reproduce the observed L CO otherwise CO would be completely photodissociated. In contrast, the H2 abundance is extremely small and is insensitive to dust growth, leading to a CO-to-H2 conversion factor that is only slightly higher than the Milky Way value despite the low metallicity. An observationally inferred dust-to-gas ratio is thus underestimated if adopting the metallicity-dependent CO-to-H2 conversion factor. The newly produced dust in dense gas mixes with the ISM through supernova feedback without being completely destroyed by sputtering, which leads to galactic outflows 20%–50% dustier than the ISM, providing a possible source for intergalactic dust.

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PRISM: A Non-Equilibrium, Multiphase Interstellar Medium Model for Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of Galaxies

Cited by 8 publications

References 135 publications

Introducing TIGRESS-NCR. I. Coregulation of the Multiphase Interstellar Medium and Star Formation Rates

Introducing TIGRESS-NCR. I. Coregulation of the Multiphase Interstellar Medium and Star Formation Rates

Co-evolution of Dust and Chemistry in Galaxy Simulations with a Resolved Interstellar Medium

Coevolution of Dust and Chemistry in Galaxy Simulations with a Resolved Interstellar Medium

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